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Rock Formation and Transformation: An Overview of Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks

Discover the fascinating world of rocks, from the formation of igneous rocks through magma cooling, sedimentary rocks from pressed sediments, to metamorphic rocks transformed by heat and pressure. Explore the processes of lithification, erosion, and metamorphism, shaping Earth's geology.

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Rock Formation and Transformation: An Overview of Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks

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  1. Science 8—Chapter 13 Lesson 2 Rocks

  2. results when uneven pressures cause flat minerals to line up, giving the rock a layered appearance

  3. foliation • results when uneven pressures cause flat minerals to line up, giving the rock a layered appearance

  4. a naturally occurring solid mixture composed of minerals, smaller rock fragments, organic matter or glass

  5. rock • a naturally occurring solid mixture composed of minerals, smaller rock fragments, organic matter or glass

  6. rock formed from magma or lava when it cools

  7. igneous rock • rock formed from magma or lava when it cools

  8. individual particles in a rock

  9. grains • individual particles in a rock

  10. molten rock that erupts onto Earth’s surface

  11. lava • molten rock that erupts onto Earth’s surface

  12. molten rock when it is inside the Earth Yellowstone Park Magma Chamber

  13. magma • molten rock when it is inside the Earth Yellowstone Park Magma Chamber

  14. rock that forms when sediments become pressed or cemented together or when sediments fall out of solution

  15. sedimentary rock • rock that forms when sediments become pressed or cemented together or when sediments fall out of solution

  16. refers to grain size and how the grains are arranged

  17. texture • refers to grain size and how the grains are arranged

  18. the process through which sediment turns into rock

  19. lithification • the process through which sediment turns into rock

  20. rock and mineral fragments that are loose or suspended in water

  21. sediment • rock and mineral fragments that are loose or suspended in water

  22. the natural process that moves sediments from place to place

  23. erosion • the natural process that moves sediments from place to place

  24. the breakdown of rocks into smaller particles by natural processes

  25. weathering • the breakdown of rocks into smaller particles by natural processes

  26. the process that turns parent rocks into metamorphic rocks

  27. metamorphism • the process that turns parent rocks into metamorphic rocks

  28. rocks that have changed due to temperature and pressure increases

  29. metamorphic rock • rocks that have changed due to temperature and pressure increases

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