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Understanding the Basic Structure of Nucleic Acids

Learn about the fundamental components of DNA and RNA like Purine, Pyrimidine, Ribose, and Deoxyribose, as well as the bonding and notation in Nucleic Acids. Explore the structure, chains, and characteristics of DNA.

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Understanding the Basic Structure of Nucleic Acids

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  1. Basic Structure of Nucleic Acids 5’ 1’ 4’ Purine Pyrimidine 3’ 2’ Ribose, Deoxyribose 鹼 基 磷 酸 Adenine Guanine Thymine Cytosine Uracil Monophosphate Diphosphate Triphosphate 五環糖 核苷 Nucleoside (Adenosine) 核苷酸 Juang RH (2004) BCbasics Nucleotide (Adenosine monophosphate, AMP)

  2. Nucleotides Linked by Phosphodiester Bond P R P R P R P R P R P R 1 2 3 2- 2- 5’ O 4 PO4 PO4 - O-P=O 5 O 6 3’ OH 5’ 5’ A kind of phospho-polysaccharides 1 3’ OH 2 Juang RH (2004) BCbasics Phosphodiester bond 3’

  3. The Notation for Nucleic Acids A T C G A T C G 1’ 2’ 3’ 5’ 5’ 3’ P OH 5’pApTpCpGpApTpCpG-OH3’ B 5’pATCGATCG-OH3’ R ATCGATCG P Juang RH (2004) BCbasics

  4. The Two Chains of DNA Are Antiparallel 5’ 3’ 5’pApTpCpGpApTpCpG-OH3’ 5’pCpGpApTpCpGpApT-OH3’ 3’ 5’ Juang RH (2004) BCbasics

  5. Characteristics of Double Helix 3’ 5’ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5’ 3’ 36 Å Large groove Small groove 1 Twist = 10.5 bp Juang RH (2004) BCbasics

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