1 / 22

Microbial Commons: Governing Complex Knowledge Assets

This conference aimed to explore the governance of complex knowledge assets in the microbial commons, focusing on systems-level understanding of biological processes, collaboration in biotechnology development, and the management of microbial data and materials.

mbravo
Download Presentation

Microbial Commons: Governing Complex Knowledge Assets

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Microbial Commons:Governing Complex Knowledge Assets National Academy of Sciences Washington D.C. October 8-9 2009 Minna Allarakhia University of Waterloo Management Sciences

  2. Systems Biology Paradigm • Systems level understanding of biological processes • Multiple hierarchical levels • Information is processed in complex networks

  3. A Knowledge Perspective of Innovation • Biology is an information science • Multiple Hierarchical Levels • Complex Networks and Interactions • A New Biological Knowledge Framework • Public Good versus Quasi-Private Good • Managing Incentives for the First and Second Innovators

  4. Voluntary Spillovers • Development of a collegial reputation as a reward for working in open science. • To create general reciprocity obligations. • To influence adoption of a technology or technology standard. • When firms are interested in improvements of the average aggregate performance of an industry; to increase safety and regulation associated within an industry. • To pre-empt rivals.

  5. The Open Source Model Collaborative Production Collaborative Production OPEN SOURCE BIOTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT OPEN SOURCE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Shared Implementation Fair and/or Equitable Access

  6. A Knowledge Based View of Biopharmaceutical Alliances • Resource-Based Theories • Knowledge Access Theories • Knowledge Structures Theory

  7. Consortium Analysis • Analysis of 39 consortia • Committed to • Open Source • Analysis • Structure and Knowledge Types • Participants • Rules • Appropriation Strategies

  8. Use of Knowledge Framework to Understand Firm Behaviour

  9. Governing the Biotech Commons

  10. Updated Commons Model Rules for Knowledge/Technology Management Structure: Open or Closed Commons Participants; Catalyzation Rules/Incentives for Participation

  11. The Microbial Commons • Limitless capabilities for application of knowledge to national needs • DOE Energy and Environmental Missions • Whole Systems Understanding • Whole living and interacting systems • Integration and Analysis of Data • Knowledge organization/Patterns

  12. Managing Microbial Data • Continued Sharing of Microbiological Information Critical • Linking Literature, Databases and User Communities • Collaborative Discovery, Validation, Representation • Suggested governance mechanisms include time of data deposits, access and use, exemption clauses for non-commercial use, management transfer, commercial use clauses

  13. Case Examples of Microbial Data Management • Open access journals, databases, supporting tools • MannDB • Microbial relational database • Use of open source tools • GBIF • Information-based infrastructure to connect users to a globally distributed network of databases

  14. Case Examples of Microbial Data Management • Initiatives to share microbial data from the private sector • Helicos BioSciences Corporation • Open microbial data sets-Motivation?

  15. Managing Microbial Materials • WFCC-Umbrella Organization • Biological Resource Centres (BRCs) • House collections of culturable organisms, replicable parts, cells and tissues as well as databases • Exchange of materials governed by contractual agreements (transfer agreements) • Compensatory liability regime-”take and pay rules”

  16. Case Examples of Microbial Materials Management • CAMBRI • Common interest gateway (Linkages) • E-access to biological material repositories • BioBricks • Biological (DNA) parts are made available to the public free of charge currently via MIT’s Registry of Standard Biological Parts • Collection of approximately 3200 genetic parts that can be mixed and matched to build synthetic biology devices and systems • Unencumbered use of biological parts

  17. Managing Downstream Assets • Eco-Patent Commons • Patent pledges of environmentally beneficial technology • Non-assertion against infringers • 100 eco-friendly patents have been pledged as of 2008 • Motivation? • AlgOS • Open source initiative seeking solutions to produce biodiesel from algae • Green Licensing

  18. The Transition Point TP HC HA HC, LS, HA Eg. Genes, Proteins, Biological Systems HC, HS, HA E.g. Biological Materials, Tools, Drugs/ Diagnostics O, C, NE, EL, ID NE, EL, ID TP HC, L-HS, HA LC, LS, LA E.g. Biological Target Specific to a Rare System LC, HS, LA E.g. Products Targeting Small Markets EL, ID EL, ID LC LA LS HS

  19. Governing the Microbial Commons

  20. Pragmatic Outcomes • Managing knowledge assets within in the information paradigm and now convergence paradigm • Equitable access to knowledge • Equitable opportunities to pursue downstream technological opportunities • Private and social implications via multiple products for the consumer

  21. Policy Outcomes

  22. Future Endeavours • Analyze new case studies involving open source innovation targeting the energy and environment sectors • Evolving models of innovation • Creation of repository of governance strategies of microbial knowledge assets including any licensing templates, as has been created by BiOS and the Creative Commons • Ex-ante management of knowledge assets

More Related