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Reapportionment & Redistricting

Reapportionment & Redistricting. For the House of Representatives. In the Senate, every state gets represented by 2 senators regardless of population In the House of Representatives, representation is based on population…. Every 10 years the Census Bureau counts the population

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Reapportionment & Redistricting

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  1. Reapportionment & Redistricting For the House of Representatives

  2. In the Senate, every state gets represented by 2 senators regardless of population • In the House of Representatives, representation is based on population…

  3. Every 10 years the Census Bureau counts the population • The population of each state determines the number of representatives in the House to which each state is entitled • This process is called Reapportionment

  4. Reapportionment after 2010 Census

  5. After reapportionment, state legislatures set up congressional districts—one for each representative in the House • This process of setting up new district lines is called Redistricting

  6. District lines around Los Angeles

  7. The population in each congressional district must be about the same—currently around 700,000 people in each district • Districts must be compact and contiguous • Whichever political party controls the state legislature controls redistricting

  8. Gerrymandering • Controlling parties often use this power by --drawing district boundaries to gain an advantage in elections • The goal is to send as many representatives from your party to the House as possible

  9. Gerrymandering Video

  10. “Packing” • including as many of the opponent’s voters as possible into one district • This weakens the opposing party by combining many similar votes into one voting block, opening up the other blocks for the minority party.

  11. EXAMPLE of PACKING Six districts: A, B, C, D, E, F Two parties : X and Y 100 voters.Majority in a district wins the district.X has 60 % of the voters.Y has 40 % of the voters.-X has a majority of support in the population, but Y has the legislative majority. - Y has the power to draw the district boundaries.District Allocation:A: 26 Voters from X, 1 from Y. (X wins district A)B: 2 Voters from X, 10 from Y. (Y wins district B)C: 2 Voters from X, 10 from Y. (Y wins district C)D: 26 Voters from X, 1 from Y, (X wins district D) E: 2 Voters from X, 10 from Y. (Y wins district E) F: 2 Voters from X, 10 from Y. (Y wins district F) Results :TWO THIRDS of the legislative seats go to the minority party Y.

  12. Example of “packing” in North Carolina

  13. Example of “packing” in Illinois

  14. “Cracking” • dividing an opponent’s voters into many different districts • This weakens the opposing party by spreading the vote out so they can overruled by the majority party.

  15. EXAMPLE of CRACKING Six districts: A, B, C, D, E, FTwo parties : X and Y 100 voters.Majority in a district wins the district.X has 60 % of the voters.Y has 40 % of the voters.-X has a majority of support in the population, but Y has the legislative majority. - Y has the power to draw the district boundaries.District Allocation:A; 9 Voters from X, 10 from Y. (Y wins district A)B; 9 Voters from X, 10 from Y. (Y wins district B)C; 9 Voters from X, 10 from Y. (Y wins district C)D: 9 Voters from X, 10 from Y. (Y wins district D)E: 12 Voters from X, 0 from Y. (X wins district E) F: 12 Voters from X, 0 from Y. (X wins district F) Results :TWO THIRDS of the legislative seats go to the minority party Y.

  16. Example of “cracking” in Ohio

  17. Elbridge Gerry Massachusetts governor The “Gerrymander”

  18. 48th District California 48th Congressional District

  19. Representative for California’s 48th Congressional District Dana Rohrabacher – Republican

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