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MICROSCOPICAL IDENTIFICATION OF CRUDE DRUGS AND CELL CONTENTS

MICROSCOPICAL IDENTIFICATION OF CRUDE DRUGS AND CELL CONTENTS.

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MICROSCOPICAL IDENTIFICATION OF CRUDE DRUGS AND CELL CONTENTS

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  1. MICROSCOPICAL IDENTIFICATION OF CRUDE DRUGS AND CELL CONTENTS

  2. For convenience of study , drugs may be arranged not only according to families and chemical constituents but into morphological groups as barks , roots , leaves, seeds or in another word drugs can be arranged into organized and non organized drugs .

  3. Epidermis Single layer of cells covering the whole plant, the structure of the epidermis and stomata are of first important in the microscopically identification of leaves Types of epidermis cells 1- Ordinary epidermis cell 2- Guard cell 3- Subsidiary cell

  4. Types of stomata 1- Anomocytic stomata: cells resembling the other epidermal cells may surround stomata for example: Digitalispurpurea leaves.

  5. 2- Anisocytic stomata with the stomata surrounded by 3 or 4 subsidiary cells one of which is markedly smaller than the other. For example: Hyoscymusniger and Atropabelladonna leaves.

  6. 3- Paracytic stomata with 2 subsidiary cells with their long axis parallel to the pore for example: senna leaves

  7. 4- Diacytic stomata with 2 subsidiary cells with their long axis at right angles to the pore of the stomata for example: Mentha piperita

  8. 5- Actinocytic stomata subsidiary cells are arranged along the radii of the circle for example: Pilocarpusjaborandi leaves.

  9. EpidermalTrichomes Most leaves, stems, flowers, fruits and seeds possess Trichomes of one kind or anther. Functions of Trichomes: 1- Physical and chemical protection of the leaf against insect and microbial. 2- Secretion (perfume)

  10. Types of Trichomes: 1-Covering Trichomes (non-glandular) a- unicellular b- multicellular – unbranched c- multicellular – branched

  11. A- Unicellular stalk a- unicellular head 2-Glandular Trichomes b- bicellular head c- Multicellular head

  12. B- multicellular- uniseriate stalk a- unicellular head b- Multicellular head

  13. C- Multicellular –multiseriate stalk -- Multicellular head

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