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Bringing the Benefits of Space to Humankind Through Cooperation or Competition?

Explore the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA), its missions and operational priorities, including space diplomacy, space law, space and development, and delivering as one. Discover how UNOOSA promotes international cooperation and utilizes space-based solutions for the benefit of humankind.

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Bringing the Benefits of Space to Humankind Through Cooperation or Competition?

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  1. Bringing the Benefits of Space to HumankindThrough Cooperation or Competition? Mazlan Othman Deputy Director-General, United Nations Office at Vienna (UNOV), and Director, Office for Outer Space Affairs (OOSA)

  2. Space and the United Nations System 8 June 2010 United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs 2

  3. Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space 1961: Establishment of two Subcommittees Scientific and Technical Subcommittee (STSC) Legal Subcommittee (LSC) Membership to date:74 member States and 29 organizations with permanent observer status Reports to the Fourth Committee of the General Assembly Adopts an annual resolution on “International cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space” 3

  4. SPACE AGENDA TODAY Space and Diplomacy • GREENING SPACE: Mitigating Space Debris ►Space debris includes defunct satellites, discardSpace and Diplomacy ed sections of rockets and parts of satellites that have exploded. Most numerous of all are tiny particles such as paint chips and liquid droplets. ►In 2007, COPUOS achieved a major result by adopting its own Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines. There is general agreement among States that the implementation of these voluntary guidelines for the mitigation of space debris at the national level would increase mutual understanding on acceptable activities in space, thus enhancing stability in space and decreasing the likelihood of friction and conflict.

  5. SPACE AGENDA TODAY • THREATS FROM ASTEROIDS: Near-Earth Objects ►Near-Earth objects (NEOs) are asteroids, comets and large meteoroids whose orbit intersects the Earth’s orbit and may therefore pose a danger of collision. ► NEOs with a diameter of over 1 km hit the Earth a few times in a million years. ►COPUOS works on establishing international procedures and decision-making mechanisms for dealing with a potential NEO threat. ► In 2013, the Working Group on NEOs finalized recommendations for an international response to a NEO threat.

  6. SPACE AGENDA TODAY Long-term sustainability of outer space activities: • Space applications such as earth observation, communications, navigation, timing and positioning provide strong support for the implementation of the actions called for in the United Nations development agenda. • Space environment where satellites operate must be protected. Expert Working Group: - Sustainable Space Utilization supporting Sustainable Development on Earth - Space Debris, Space Operations and Tools - Space Weather - Regulatory Regimes and Guidance for Actors In the Space Arena

  7. SPACE AND LAW One of the biggest achievements of COPUOS was the development of five UNTreaties and five sets of Principles on Outer Space ► Outer Space Treaty, 1967 (101 States parties / 26 additional signatures) ► Rescue Agreement, 1968 (91/24) ► Liability Convention, 1972 (88/24) ► Registration Convention, 1975 (55/4) ► Moon Agreement, 1979 (13/4) ► Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Uses of Outer Space (1963) ► Principles Governing the Use by States of Artificial Earth Satellites for International Direct Television Broadcasting (1982) ► Principles Relating to Remote Sensing of the Earth from Outer Space (1986) ► Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space (1992) ► Declaration on International Cooperation in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space for the Benefit and in the Interests of All States, Taking into Particular Account the Needs of Developing Countries (1996)

  8. Office for Outer Space Affairs United Nations Office at Vienna, Austria www.unoosa.org

  9. VisionBringing the benefits of space to humankindMission StatementThe core business of the Office is to promote international cooperation in the use of outer space to achieve development goals for the benefit of humankind

  10. UNOOSA Operational priorities A. SPACE AND DIPLOMACY:Strengthening the intergovernmental processB. SPACE AND LAW:Discharging the responsibilities of the Secretary-General under the treatiesC. SPACE AND DEVELOPMENT:Securing global public goods: - Global platform for space-based information for disaster management and emergency response - Global navigation satellite systemsSupport to regional mechanismsCapacity-building in utilizing space-based solutions in developing countriesdeveloping countries E. DELIVERING AS ONE:Enhancing cooperation and coordination within the UN systemF. CELEBRATING SPACE: Increasing public awareness of space

  11. SPACE AND DEVELOPMENT:UN Programme on Space Applications Established in 1971 as a result of recommendations of 1968 UNISPACE conference Conducts a series of world-wide activities Workshops Symposiums Training Courses Priority Areas Basic Space Technology Human Space Technology Space weather Global navigation satellite systems 11

  12. Basic Space Technology Initiative (BSTI) • Established in 2009 under the mandate of the United Nations Programme on Space Applications to support capacity building in space technology development, with a particular focus on small satellites. • Achievements 2010-2012: • Series of BSTI Symposiums, Events and Technical Assistance Missions held in Austria, Kenya, Latvia, Mexico, Singapore, Spain and planned in Japan, UAE and other locations • Creation of Education Directory on Opportunities in Space Technology Education • Creation of initial version of Small Satellite Handbook • Establishment of annual Fellowship Programme at PhD Level • Assistance on legal and regulatory aspects of small satellites • Initial work on Space Technology Education Curriculum • Details see BSTI Website:http://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/SAP/bsti/index.html 12

  13. Human Space Technology Initiative (HSTI) - Launched in 2010 Newest initiative under the framework of the United Nations Programme on Space Applications. - Objectives: Create awareness among Member States on the benefits of human space technology and its applications; Promote international cooperation in human space flight and space exploration-related activities; Support capacity-building in microgravity research and education.

  14. Basic Space Science Initiative (BSSI) / International Space Weather Initiative (ISWI) • BSSI is a long-term effort for the development of astronomy and space science through international cooperation, particularly in developing nations. • Workshops: • Co-sponsored/co-organized by: ESA, JAXA, NASA. • Held from 1991 to 2004 (India 1991, Costa Rica and Colombia 1992, Nigeria 1993, Egypt 1994, Sri Lanka 1995, Germany 1996, Honduras 1997, Jordan 1999, France 2000, Mauritius 2001, Argentina 2002, and China 2004) • Addressed the status of astronomy in each region.

  15. ISWI 2012: 16 + 2 Instrument Arrays

  16. International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) A forum to discuss Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to benefit people around the world • Established in 2005 • Membership: Members, Associate Members and Observers • 9 nations & the European Union • 15 organizations (UN system entities, IGOs, NGOs) ICG participation is open to all countries and entities that are either GNSS providers or users of GNSS services, and are interested and willing to actively engage in ICG activities

  17. International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) ICG WORK PLAN: • Compatibility and Interoperability • (Led by USA and Russia) • Enhancement of performance of GNSS services • (Led by India and ESA) • Information dissemination and capacity building • (Led by UNOOSA) • Reference Frame, Timing and Applications • (Led by IAG, IGS, FIG)

  18. DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT: • UN Platform for Space-based Information for Disaster Management and Emergency Response(UN-SPIDER) • ►UN-SPIDER is UNOOSA programme, established in 2006 by GA resolution 61/110. ► Ensures that all countries and regional and international organisations have access to anddevelop the capacity to use all types of space-based information to support the full disaster management cycle by: • being a gateway to space information for disaster management support; • serving as a bridge to connect the disaster management and space communities; and • being a facilitator of capacity-building and institutional strengthening. • ► Knowledge portal: http://www.un-spider.org/ • Space matrix: Choose the disaster type and phase in combination with the appropriate space technology and this Matrix will make it easy for you to find the proper information!

  19. UN-AFFILIATED REGIONAL CENTRES FOR SPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION

  20. DELIVERING AS ONE: Inter-agency Meeting on Outer Space Activities “THE WORLD IS CHANGING; THE CHALLENGES TO HUMANITY BECOME MORE AND MORE PRESSING; AND THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM IS CONSTANTLY MAKING CONCERTED EFFORTS TO RESPOND TO THESE CHANGES AND CHALLENGES”. Mazlan Othman, Director of UNOOSA at the 30th Inter-Agency Meeting, Geneva, 2012 • The central coordination mechanism in the United Nations system for United Nations organizations to cooperate and create synergy in space-related programmes, avoid duplication in these programmes and foster new inter-agency initiatives. • UNOOSA serves as the Secretariat and coordinator of the Inter-Agency Meeting and has been organizing its annual meetings since 1975 • At least 25 United Nations entities routinely use space applications tools (DPKO, ECA, ESCAP, FAO, IMO, ICAO, ISDR, ITU, OCHA, UNEP, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, WMO, WHO, UNHCR, and others). • A wide-range of topics include: education and training in space-related areas; space technology for disaster management; space for sustainable development; climate change, food security.

  21. THANK YOU!Office for Outer Space AffairsUnited Nations Office at ViennaEmail: oosa@unoosa.orgTel: +43-1-26060-4950Fax: +43-1-26060-5830Website: www.unoosa.org "Bringing the benefits of space to humankind" 21

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