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This article discusses the importance of a balanced assessment system in education, including formative assessments, summative assessments, and classroom assessments for learning. It also emphasizes the role of student involvement in the assessment process and provides strategies for implementing effective assessments.
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Assessment Practices in a Balanced Assessment System Coordinating Council May 21, 2007
Common Language? Formative Assessments Summative Assessment Assessment FOR Learning Benchmark Assessments Assessment OF Learning Formative Classroom Assessments For Learning
A Productive Multi-Level Assessment System • Is needed to be sure that all instructional decisions are informed and well made • Is needed to meet the informational needs of all users at all levels • State • District • School • Classroom (teachers and students)
A Balanced Assessment System • Summative Assessment • An event after learning • Benchmark Assessments • An event after learning • Formative Assessments/Classroom Assessments For Learning • A process during learning
State Summative and Local Benchmark Assessments • Who are the primary users? • What are the typical uses? • What is being assessed? • What methods are being used? • When do we assess?
Formative Assessment A Process During Learning • Who are the primary users? • What are the typical uses? • What is being assessed? • What methods are being used? • When do we assess?
Learning Targets • If I have not mastered an objective (summative/benchmark), how will I improve if I don’t know which specific learning targets are keeping me from mastery? • What knowledge do I need to demonstrate the intended learning? • What patterns of reasoning do I need to master? • What skills are required, if any? • What product development capabilities must I acquire?
WVCSO: Reading/Language Arts Grade 5 • RLA.O.5.2.02 arrange thoughts and ideas in graphic representations to plan and write a product.
Classroom Assessment FOR Learning • The only difference in Formative Assessment (as described above) and Classroom Assessment For Learning is the student involvement component.
What is the Student Involvement Component? • Classroom Assessment For Learning acknowledges the critical importance of the instructional decisions made by students and their teachers working as a team. • Continuous descriptive (rather than evaluative) feedback is provided strategically in amounts that students can address effectively, in amounts that do not overwhelm them.
What is the Student Involvement Component? • Assessments become far more than one-time events attached to the end of teaching. They become part of the learning process by keeping students posted on their progress and confident enough to continue to strive. • Students become consumers of assessment information, using evidence of their own progress to understand what comes next for them and to set goals.
What is the Student Involvement Component? • Students collaborate with teachers in creating and using assessments like those they will be held accountable for later. • Students become partners in the accumulation of growth portfolios that reveal the changes in their own achievement as it is happening.
What is the Student Involvement Component? • Students become partners in communicating about their own learning success as they rely on concrete evidence from their portfolios presented in student-led conferences.
A Process in Support of Learning Support Verify Learning Learning “Teachers involve their students in classroom assessment, record-keeping, and communication during learning. But, when it’s time for students to be accountable for what they have learned, the teacher takes the lead in conducting assessments OF learning.” -Richard J. Stiggins
Formative /Classroom Assessments For Learning • Happen while learning is still underway • Are not high-stakes • Are not for accountability • Are not for report card grades • Are in support of motivation and learning “If everything is for a grade, there’s never time to practice – get better.” -Rick Stiggins
When consistently carried out as a matter of routine within and across classrooms, this set of practices has been linked to profound gains in student achievement, especially for low achievers. Benjamin Bloom, "The Search for Methods of Group Instruction as Effective as One-on-One Tutoring," Educational Leadership, May 1984 Paul Black and Dylan Wiliam, "Inside the Black Box: Raising Standards Through Classroom Assessment," Phi Delta Kappan, October 1998