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The Presidency

The Presidency. And Executive Branch. Hail to the Chief. The President of the United States (POTUS) simultaneously fulfills many different roles. Chief of State. The President is the ceremonial head of the government – a symbol of all the nation’s people. Chief Executive.

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The Presidency

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  1. The Presidency And Executive Branch

  2. Hail to the Chief • The President of the United States (POTUS) simultaneously fulfills manydifferent roles.

  3. Chief of State • The President is the ceremonial head of the government – a symbol of all the nation’s people

  4. Chief Executive • The office is vested by the Constitution with “The executive Power” of the United States. This power is broad, in both foreign and domestic affairs. Chief Administrator • Director of the federal Government, the President directs over 2.7 million civilians and oversees a federal budget of over $2 trillion a year.

  5. Chief Legislator • Helps shape public policy on domestic issues; initiates, suggests, requests, insists, and demands that Congress enact on these policies.

  6. Chief of their Party • Leader of their political party

  7. Chief Citizen • The President represents all the people’s interest vs. private interests.

  8. Chief Diplomat • Shapes the country’s foreign policy and the spokesperson to the world

  9. Chief Diplomat

  10. Commander in Chief • Head of the nation’s military

  11. Qualifications Natural-born citizen Lived in the US for at least 14 years Must be at least 35 years old Term 22nd Amendment Elected to no more than 2 four year terms Can serve up to 10 years The Office of the President

  12. The Office of the Presidency Pay and Benefits • Congress determines the salary • President: $400,000; $50,000 expense account; $100,000 nontaxable for travel; $19,000 official entertainment account; free housing, Air Force One, helicopters, Camp David, etc…. • Retired president: $150,000 pension; plus $150,000 to maintain staff • Vice president: $230,700; $10,000 expense account; free housing

  13. Naval Observatory

  14. Presidential Succession • If a President dies, resigns, or is removed from the office by impeachment, the Vice President succeeds to the office. • 25th Amendment • Precedent was started in 1841 – John Tyler for William Henry Harrison

  15. President Succession • Part of the Constitution in 1967 in the 25th Amendment • Congress sets the order of succession after the VP, current order was established in 1947

  16. Presidential Succession Order • #1: THE VICE PRESIDENT

  17. Number 2 – the Second Runner up • The Speaker of the House

  18. Born Daniel Ken Inouye #3 – President pro tempore

  19. #4 – The Secretary of State

  20. And so on and so forth…. • Secretary of the Treasury • Secretary of Defense • Attorney General • Secretary of Agriculture • Secretary of the Interior • Secretary of Commerce • Secretary of Labor • Secretary of Health and Human Services • Secretary of Housing and Urban Development • Secretary of Transportation • Secretary of Energy • Secretary of Education • Secretary of Veterans Affairs • Secretary of Homeland Security

  21. Chief Executive/Advising the President • The Vice President • The Cabinet: heads of the executive departments • The Executive Office • The (NSC) National Security Council • The (CEA) Council of Economic Advisors • The (OMB) Office of Management and Budget • The White House Staff---The West Wing

  22. The President’s Executive Powers • Executing the Law • The Ordinance Power: the power to issue executive orders (a directive, rule, or regulation that has the effect of law) • comes from Congress and the Constitution

  23. The President’s Executive Powers • The Appointment Power – with Senate consent, the President names most of the top-ranking officers of the Federal government: • Ambassadors and other diplomats • Cabinet and their top aides • Heads of independent agencies (EPA, NASA) • Federal judges, U.S. marshals, U.S. attorneys • All officers in the military

  24. The President’s Executive Powers • The Removal Power: challenged even as far as the Supreme Court, as a general rule, the President may remove those whom the President appoints. Often what was in fact a dismissal is called a “resignation.”

  25. The President’s Diplomatic Powers • The Power to make Treaties • The Power of Recognition • Executive Agreements: deals made between heads of state – these don’t need Senate approval

  26. The President’s Military Power’sCommander In Chief • Commander in Chief • Undeclared war • The War Powers Resolution • 48 hours notice • End within 60 days • Congress may end at any time

  27. Legislative Powers • Legislative Powers • Recommending Legislation • The Veto Power/Pocket Veto • Can call Congress into a special session

  28. Judicial Powers • Judicial Powers • Reprieve – postponement of the execution of a sentence • Pardon – legal forgiveness of a crime THESE ARE ABSOLUTE, except in the case of impeachment, where they may never be granted….

  29. Clemency – mercy, or leniency may be used only in cases involving federal offenses Commutation – reduce the length of a sentence or fine already imposed by a court Amnesty – blanket pardon given to a large group Judicial Powers

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