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Exploring the Electromagnetic Spectrum: Light Waves and Frequencies

Discover the diverse range of light waves in the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to gamma rays. Learn about wavelength, frequency, and energy levels of each type of light wave, as well as their uses in everyday life and scientific applications. Unravel the mysteries of visible light, infrared waves, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and gamma rays, and understand how they interact with matter. Delve into the fascinating world of light waves and their impact on technology, health, and the natural world.

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Exploring the Electromagnetic Spectrum: Light Waves and Frequencies

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  1. The Electromagnetic Spectrum

  2. Electromagnetic Spectrum • Name for the range of light waves when placed in order of increasing frequency • All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed, but have different wavelengths and frequencies

  3. Calculations **Speed = wavelength x frequency** • Increase frequency = decrease wavelength • Decrease frequency = increase wavelength **Increase frequency = increase energy** • Red Monkeys In Virginia Use X-ray Guns

  4. Radio Waves • Longest wavelength, lowest frequency • Lowest energy of the light waves! • Uses: • AM and FM Radio: the number on your dial is the frequency

  5. Microwaves • Shorter wavelength, greater frequency than radio waves • Can pass through glass and plastic • Reflects off metal • Uses: • cell phones, RADAR, MRI

  6. Infrared Waves • Shorter wavelength, greater frequency than microwaves • Means below red • Snakes can see infrared • Uses: • Heat rays • Heat bulbs • Thermogram • Camera with night detection

  7. Visible Light • Shorter wavelength, higher frequency than infrared • You can see these • Longest wavelength is red • Shortest wavelength is purple • Order is: • ROY G BIV

  8. Visible Light • Primary Colors: three colors used to make any other colors (red, blue, and green) • When combined in equal amounts they will produce white light

  9. Visible Light and Color • The color of an object is the light that is reflected, the other colors are absorbed by the object • Pigments: used to color materials; as they are added fewer colors of light are reflected and more are absorbed • When all colors are reflected we see white • When all colors are absorbed we see black • When red, yellow, and blue combine they create black colors

  10. Ultraviolet Rays • Shorter wavelength, greater frequency than visible light • Can damage or kill living cells, causing skin cancer or damage to eyes • Bees can see UV The sun’s emission of ultraviolet rays

  11. Ultraviolet Rays • Uses: • To kill bacteria in hospitals • Small doses are good to acquire vitamin D which is good for teeth and bones • Treats jaundice in newborns • Tanning beds

  12. X - Rays • Shorter wavelength, greater frequency than ultraviolet rays • Can penetrate most objects, but dense bone and lead • Overexposure can lead to cancer • Uses • in buildings to find cracks, make pictures of bones

  13. Gamma Rays • Shortest wavelength, with greatest frequency • Has the most energy of all light!! • Most penetrating • Objects in space give off gamma rays, but our atmosphere protects us against them • Uses: • Kills cancer cells and can be used to examine the body’s internal structure Moon in the night sky if you could see gamma rays

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