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Theoretical Approaches to SLL: The Role of Theories, Models, and Techniques in Language Learning

This chapter explores different theoretical approaches to explaining second language learning, including behaviorism, innatism, and interactionism. It discusses the role of theories, models, and techniques in language learning, as well as the conditions and characteristics that influence learning. It also delves into the negative effects of the first language on second language acquisition and the importance of the critical period in language learning. The chapter concludes by examining psychological theories, such as information processing and interactionism, and their implications for language learning.

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Theoretical Approaches to SLL: The Role of Theories, Models, and Techniques in Language Learning

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  1. Chapter 2: Theoretical Approaches to Explaining SLL By Lec. Samarnh Pang

  2. Approach: • Theories-> Describe how language is used. • Source of Practices-> Offer model for language competence • Principles in language teaching

  3. Method: • Practical Realization of an approach • Decisions including procedures & techniques for tasks/activities

  4. Procedure: • An order sequence of techniques • Ex. First you do this, than you do that…

  5. Technique: • Usually a single activity rather than a sequence (not procedure) • Ex. Silent viewing

  6. Model: • a standard or goal for the learner, e.g. the pronunciation of an educated native Speaker.

  7. DQ: What your methods for learning?

  8. Learner Characteristics • Knowledge of another language • Cognitive maturity • Metalinguistic awareness • Knowledge of the world • Nervousness about speaking

  9. DQ: Discuss your learning conditions

  10. Learning conditions • Freedom to be silent • Ample time • Corrective feedback: grammar and pronunciation • Corrective feedback: word choice • Modified input

  11. DQ: How to learn a second language (L2)?

  12. DQ: Compare and Contrast: Learning L1 Vs. Learning L2

  13. SLL Theories

  14. What is Behaviorism?

  15. Discuss • Reinforcement • Habit formation • Contrast Analysis Hypothesis (CAH) • Target Language

  16. Discuss the negative side effect of L1 on learning an L2.

  17. 2. Innatism Discuss the roles of Grammar in Spoken English and in Written English.

  18. Universal Grammar (UG)? • What roles does UG play in L1 acquisition?

  19. Why is UG theory inapplicable for L2 acquisition?

  20. Why is Critical Period (CP) essential to language learning/acquisition?

  21. You can define… • Language Competence Vs. Language Performance

  22. Krashen’s Monitor Model

  23. 1. The Acquisition—Learning Hypothesis • What does Krashen argue?

  24. 2. Monitoring Hypothesis • What are the roles of Monitor?

  25. 3. Natural Order Hypothesis • What does he argue?

  26. 4. The Input Hypothesis • Comprehensible Input • i + 1

  27. 5. The Affective Filter Hypothesis • What can this suggest?

  28. 3. Psychological Theories What is information processing? What do you know about Processing Space?

  29. Discuss the sequence Language Information Practice  Restructuring  Automaticity

  30. Contrast (Language Learning) Richard Schmidt’s rationale Stephen Krashen’s Rationale

  31. 4. Interactionism

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