Future of PASSHE Academic Libraries & Collaborations

1. Future PASSHE Academic Libraries & Collaborationsweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Powerpoint (Revised 5/8/2008) available at: http://library1.njit.edu/staff-folders/sweeney/

2. Please take a minute and draft your own one sentence definitions. Define an academic library in one sentence. Define the PASSHE library system in one sentence.

3. “The library connects us with insights and knowledge, painfully extracted from nature, of the greatest minds that ever were, with the best teachers, drawn from the entire planet and from all of our history, to instruct us without tiring, and to inspire us to make our own contribution to the collective knowledge of the human species.”p. 282 Carl Sagan, Cosmos Random House, New York, 1980 p. 282

4. “The library connects us with insights and knowledge, painfully extracted from nature, of the greatest minds that ever were, with the best teachers, drawn from the entire planet and from all of our history, to instruct us without tiring, and to inspire us to make our own contribution to the collective knowledge of the human species.”p. 282 This is the essence of scholarly communication and the primary role of the academic library. Carl Sagan, Cosmos Random House, New York, 1980 p. 282

5. The changing patterns of research and learning in higher education As part of a university or college, the academic library is not an end in itself. It supports research, learning and scholarship and has always had to adapt as research and learning behaviors change. In the current network environment, this change is uneven and poses great challenges for libraries.p. 11 OCLC Environmental Scan: Pattern Recognition (2003) http://www.oclc.org/reports/escan/

6. At NJIT, One Paradigm Shifted in 2002 Once in awhile, the prevailing paradigm will change.

7. Agenda 9:00 – 10:30 Where do we want to be? 10:30 – 10:45 Break 10:45 – 12:00 Where are we now? 12:00 – 12:45 Lunch 12:45 – 2:30 Small Group SWOT Analysis where we want to be. 2:45 – 4:00 Entire group share analysis and build consensus on the future planning direction.

10. Future PASSHE Academic Libraries & Collaborationsweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Kohl, David F. and Tom Sanville. “More Bang for the Buck; Increasing Effectiveness of Library Expenditures Through Cooperation” Library Trends, Vol. 54 no. 3 pp394-410

11. Future PASSHE Academic Libraries & Collaborationsweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208

13. Future PASSHE Academic Libraries & Collaborationsweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 “Long Tail; The economics of abundance. “Use “Book Titles Anderson, Chris. The Long Tail: Why the Future of Business Is Selling Less of More (2006) Hyperion. New York

14. Future PASSHE Academic Libraries & Collaborationsweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 “We are entering an era of unprecedented choice and that’s a good thing. “ p. 169 Anderson, Chris. The Long Tail: Why the Future of Business Is Selling Less of More (2006) Hyperion. New York

15. Future PASSHE Academic Libraries & Collaborationsweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 “..there are far more niche goods than hits… “the cost of reaching those niches is now falling dramatically. “These “filters” [recommendations] can drive demand down the Tail. “There are still hits and niches, but the hits are relatively less popular and the niches relatively more so. . “ p. 53 Anderson, Chris. The Long Tail: Why the Future of Business Is Selling Less of More (2006) Hyperion. New York

16. Future PASSHE Academic Libraries & Collaborationsweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 “Use “Book Titles Anderson, Chris. The Long Tail: Why the Future of Business Is Selling Less of More (2006) Hyperion. New York

18. “The underlying focus for budgetary attention, whether times are flush or flushed, should be a concern to get the most value out of each dollar spent.”P. 394 Kohl, David F. and Tom Sanville. “More Bang for the Buck; Increasing Effectiveness of Library Expenditures Through Cooperation” Library Trends, Vol. 54 no. 3 pp394-410

19. “Possibly the most well-known intersection of automation and consortia has been the “Big Deal”, or variations on group electronic journal licensing, with the resultant tremendous increase in journal literature access for patrons and the leveraging of the collection’s dollar this model of of journal purchase has made possible.”p. 400 Kohl, David F. and Tom Sanville. “More Bang for the Buck; Increasing Effectiveness of Library Expenditures Through Cooperation” Library Trends, Vol. 54 no. 3 pp394-410

20. “The most common misunderstanding involving the “Big Deal” and its variants is that it is a mechanism to save money and reduce library expenditures.”P. 401 Kohl, David F. and Tom Sanville. “More Bang for the Buck; Increasing Effectiveness of Library Expenditures Through Cooperation” Library Trends, Vol. 54 no. 3 pp394-410

21. “Being able to spread the operating and development costs among multiple libraries minimizes duplication of effort, builds a facility that all members can use, and creates a collective body of content.”P. 406 Kohl, David F. and Tom Sanville. “More Bang for the Buck; Increasing Effectiveness of Library Expenditures Through Cooperation” Library Trends, Vol. 54 no. 3 pp394-410

23. Lawrence of Arabia The Great Escape Best War Movies Apocalypse Now Schindler’s List The Terminal Catch Me If You CanDir: Frank Darabont Dir: Steven Spielberg Minority Report Artificial Intelligence AI Actor: Tom Hanks Actor: Tom Hanks Actor: Tom Hanks Actor: Tom Hanks Actor: Tom Hanks You’ve Got Mail (1998) Dir: Nora Ephron Starring: Tom Hanks, Meg Ryan, Parker Posey, Greg Kinnear, Jean Stapleton Cast Away (2000) Dir: Robert Zemeckis Starring: Tom Hanks, Helen Hunt, Valerie Wildman, Geoffrey Blake, Jenifer Lewis The favorite online Millennial environment, is virtual, interactive, multimedia, full motion, personalized, customized, and socially networked. The Green Mile (1999) Dir: Frank Darabont Starring: Tom Hanks, Michael Clarke Duncan, David Morse, Bonnie Hunt, James Cromwell Saving Private Ryan (1998) Dir: Steven Spielberg Starring: Tom Hanks, Tom Sizemore, Jeremy Davies, Edward Burns, Giovanni Ribisi Toy Story 2 (1999) Dir: Lee Unkrich Starring: Tom Hanks Tim Allen Don Rickles Jim Varney Wallace Shawn Rich, this is one of my favorites. Janet Media Consumers

25. Robert B. Barr and John Tagg, "From Teaching to Learning: A New Paradigm for Undergraduate Education," Change, vol. 27, no. 6 (November/December 1995): 12–25.

26. Robert B. Barr and John Tagg, "From Teaching to Learning: A New Paradigm for Undergraduate Education," Change, vol. 27, no. 6 (November/December 1995): 12–25.

27. Learning Strategies for Millennials: • Increase teacher – student interaction; feedback • Engage students (motivation; involvement) • Accelerate student learning • Increase experiential learning (gaming; simulations, role playing) • Increase learning options • Increase peer-to-peer (collaboration) learning • Offer more “pull” web based learning options • Offer more interactive multimedia learning. Millennial Learning Strategies

29. “Two proven innovation strategies are the common-course redesign strategy and the flex program and service redesign strategy. These strategies use IT innovatively to improve accountability-that is, to improve and account for institutional performance-whenever measurably improved academic results and reduced unit costs are simultaneous goals.”p. 79 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Graves, William. “Improving Institutional Performance through IT-Enabled Innovation”. EDUCAUSE Review Nov/Dec 2005: 79-98 Engagement & Productivity

30. “With a few important [ IT ] exceptions, these investments did not directly seek to reduce long-term unit costs and/or dampen spiraling tuition increases and, not surprisingly, did not do so whether or not they used technology to enable innovation. As a result, these “innovations” did not increase productivity but instead either added to long-term operating expenditures or proved unsustainable after the loss of special funding.p. 84 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Graves, William. “Improving Institutional Performance through IT-Enabled Innovation”. EDUCAUSE Review Nov/Dec 2005: 79-98 Engagement & Productivity

31. “To one degree or another, all thirty projects share the following six characteristics: • Whole course redesign • Active learning (learner centered) • Computer-based learning resources • Master learning (scheduled milestones for completion) • On-demand help • Alternative staffing (sometimes grad and undergrads)”p. 30 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Twigg, Carol A. “Improving Learning and Reducing Costs: New Models for Online Learning”. EDUCAUSE Review Sep/Oct 2003: 28-38 Engagement, Assessment & Productivity

32. “At UMass, attendance in the traditional format averaged 67 percent; in the redesigned course, attendance averaged 90 percent, which correlated significantly to performance on exams. In addition exams no longer emphasize recall of factual material or definitions of terms; 67 percent of the questions now require reasoning or problem-solving skills, compared with 21 percent previously” p. 32 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Twigg, Carol A. “Improving Learning and Reducing Costs: New Models for Online Learning”. EDUCAUSE Review Sep/Oct 2003: 28-38 Engagement, Assessment & Productivity

33. “Preliminary results show that all thirty institutions reduced costs by about 40 percent on average, with a range of 20 to 84 percent.” p. 86 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Twigg, Carol A. “Improving Learning and Reducing Costs: New Models for Online Learning”. EDUCAUSE Review Sep/Oct 2003: 28-38 Engagement, Assessment & Productivity

34. “Currently in higher education, both on campus and online, we individualize faculty practice (that is, we allow individual faculty members great latitude in course development and delivery) and standardize the student learning experience (that, is we treat all students in a course as if their learning needs, interests, and abilities were the same). Instead we need to do just the opposite: individualize student learning and standardize faculty practice. ” p. 38 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Twigg, Carol A. “Improving Learning and Reducing Costs: New Models for Online Learning”. EDUCAUSE Review Sep/Oct 2003: 28-38 Engagement, Assessment & Productivity

36. Blended Librarian “An academic librarian who combines the traditional skill set of librarianship with the information technologist's hardware/software skills, and the instructional or educational designer's ability to apply technology appropriately in the teaching-learning process.” Bell, Stephen J. and John Shank. “The blended librarian: A blueprint for redefining the teaching and learning role of academic librarians”. C&RL News, 65.7 July/August 2004 Replace Library Catalog

38. Examples: • Managing the Digital Enterprise(Rappa-North Carolina State) • Solar System Collaboratory (Colorado) • Virtual chemistry experiments (Davidson) • U.S. History Videos (History Channel) • BoilerCast (Purdue - podcasts, vcasts) • Game Based Learning Sites (Marc Prensky) • Math Emporium (Virginia Tech) • Building bridges (Civil Engineering-Nova) • Physics Tutorial Modules Andersen Center (RPI) • Collaborative Learning Table (RPI) • Immediate stock market quotes (Yahoo Finance) • SearchPath information literacy tutorial (Rutgers) Examples

39. Future PASSHE Academic Libraries & Collaborationsweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Examples

41. “Based on these results, the best “payoffs” in higher graduation rates from strategically targeted institutional budgetary enhancements would seem to come from increasing per student expenditures for instruction (+1.99 percentage points), followed closely by library (+1.77) and more distantly by physical plant (1.07) and nonlibrary academic (+0.98). Hamrick, Florence, John H Schuh and Mack C. Shelley. “Predicting Higher Education Graduation Rates from Institutional Characteristics and Resource Allocation” Education Policy Analysis Archives 12:19 (2003) http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v12n19

42. “This study demonstrates that library expenditures and professional staff have a significant positive effect on student retention.” p. 565 Mezick, Elizabeth M. “Return on Investment: Libraries and Student Retention”. The Journal of Academic Librarianship 33:5 (2007) pp561-566

44. “Self-service: moving to self-sufficiency Banking, shopping, entertainment, research, travel, job seeking, chatting—pick a category and one theme will ring clear—self-service. People of all age groups are spending more time online doing things for themselves.” “Users DO know what they’re doing!” —Industry Pundit.”p. 4 OCLC Environmental Scan: Pattern Recognition (2003) http://www.oclc.org/reports/escan/ Self Sufficiency

45. “ Bankers don’t market “distance banking” or label customers as ‘traditional’ of ‘nontraditional’. They realize that different customers have different needs and preferences for obtaining services. Banks also know that time-shifted online self-service can reduce costs while increasing customer satisfaction, which is why they frequently offer incentives for self-service.” p. 86 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Graves, William. “Improving Institutional Performance through IT-Enabled Innovation”. EDUCAUSE Review Nov/Dec 2005: 79-98 Self Sufficiency

47. “Satisfaction Surveys confirm that information consumers are pleased with the results of their online activities…Librarians worry that information found using search engines does not have the credibility and authority of information found in libraries, and that people will not learn basic information seeking skills, and so leave much valuable material undiscovered.” P. 4 OCLC Environmental Scan: Pattern Recognition (2003) http://www.oclc.org/reports/escan/ Satisfaction

48. “Satisfaction Yet most library visitors also bypass the reference desk, boldly setting off to find answers on their own. The indisputable fact is that information and content on the open Web is far easier and more convenient to find and access than are information and content in physical or virtual libraries. The information consumer types a term into a search box, clicks a button and sees results immediately. The information consumer is satisfied.” p. 4 OCLC Environmental Scan: Pattern Recognition (2003) http://www.oclc.org/reports/escan/ Satisfaction

50. “Seamlessness The traditional separation of academic, leisure and work time is fusing into a seamless world aided by nomadic computing devices that support multiple activities. This phenomenon is most marked among young adults. Their world is a seamless “infosphere” where the boundaries of work, play and study are gone, a marked contrast to the compartmentalized lifestyles of their parents. OCLC Environmental Scan: Pattern Recognition (2003) http://www.oclc.org/reports/escan/ Seamlessness