Chapter 30

1. Chapter 30

2. Zimmerman Note • The Zimmerman note was a message sent by Germany to Mexico asking if they would attack the U.S. for land • The U.S. intercepted the message and was outraged

3. Fourteen Points Address Wilson had a set of idealistic goals known as the fourteen points address One of the points was the league of nations

4. Treaty of Versailles • The world leaders met to establish a treaty to end the war • The War guilt clause placed all blame on Germany • Treaty signed in 1919

5. Prohibition • The 18th amendment passed prohibiting all sale, production, and consumption of all alcohol • Led to violence and was later repealed by the 21st amendment

6. Women’s Suffrage • Women finally achieved suffrage in 1920 with the passing of the 19th amendment

7. Hitler Takes Advantage • Hitler took advantage of the horrible situation in Germany to rise to power • This led to WWII

8. Chapter 32

9. Adkins v. Children’s Hospital • In the case of Adkins v. Children’s Hospital, The Muller v. Oregon case was reversed. • Adkins v. Children’s Hospital allowed women to be able to have special protection in the workplace and allowed them to receive over minimum wage.

10. The Aftermath of War • Esch-Cummins Transportation Act of 1920 urged railroads to have private consolidation • La Follette Seaman’s Act of 1915 foreign shipping would not interfere with American shipping • The total cost of the war was $3.5 billion

11. America Seeks Benefits Without Burdens • The Four-Power Treaty tied Britain, Japan, France and the US to uphold standards in the Pacific • Secretary Hughes proposed that American and British navels should enjoy equality of naval ships with Japan on the 5:3:3 ratio

12. Hiking the Tariff Higher • Tariffs were put up for fear that Europe would sell cheap goods during their recovery from WWI • Congress passed the Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law which pushed the 27 percent schedule to a 38.5 percent

13. The Stench of Scandal • In the Teapot Dome Scandal, Harding made a secret agreement with Albert B. Falls where Falls made $100,000 from one man and three times that from another. • Falls was sentenced with one year of jail • On August 2, 1923, Harding died of pneumonia and thrombosis

14. “Silent Cal” Coolidge • Harding’s death resulted in Vice President Calvin Coolidge taking office in 1923 • Calvin Coolidge was a very shy and quiet president • Coolidge boosted the economy with his very cautious business actions

15. Frustrated Farmers • During WWI, farmers made a very good profit off their wheat sales, but after the war the demand for wheat went down • The government paid farmers $3 a bushel during the war. After the war, the government didn’t have any use for the wheat. This made farmers very angry

16. Three-Way Race for the White House in 1924 • Republicans wanted Calvin Coolidge to return for another term in office • Coolidge, Davis and La Follette ran in 1924 • Calvin Coolidge became the 30th president of the United States

17. The Triumph of Herbert Hoover, 1928 • Once Calvin Coolidge stated that he wasn’t going to run for presidency in the 1928 election, his successor, Herbert Hoover, began to run • With the vote of 444 to 87, Herbert Hoover became the 31st president of the United States

18. President Hoover’s First Moves • The Agriculture Marketing Act, passed in June 1929, set up the Federal Farm Board to buy sell and store agricultural superfluities • The Hawley-Smoot Tariff was a tariff on Germany that injured the German economy

19. The Great Crash Ends the Golden Twenties • Black Tuesday was the day in October 1929 that the Stock Market crashed and led to the Great Depression • By the end of 1929, more than 4 million people in the United States were left jobless

20. Hoover Battles the Great Depression • In early 1932, Congress launched the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) • People began to say that Herbert Hoover was a socialist

21. Japanese Militarists Attack China • In September 1931, Japan began to sneak into Chinese territory and strike the country • Japan invaded the Chinese province of Manchuria • The League of Nations couldn’t interfere because it did not have American support

22. Chapter 35

23. Pearl Harbor • Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941 • Caused the U.S. to get involved in the war

24. Korematsu vs. U.S. • Case was about the legality of japaneseamericans being locked in camps • The courts ruled the camps were legal • Provided protection from lunatics

25. War Production Board • The board halted production of all nonessential items • The board was disbanded shortley after the war ended

26. Women in the Military • There was 216,000 women active in the military • Women never saw actual battle • Most were nurses or pilots flying supplies

27. Codetalkers • Navajo indians were used to send code for americans • Axis could not break the code • Allies used code to send secret messages from place to place

28. Pacific Battles • Coral sea was the first all plane and carrier battle • Midway halted the japanese advance in the pacific

29. Tehran Conference • The big 3 leaders met • Leaders agreed to launch two attacks on two fronts • Ultimately led to the demise of the Germans • Germans surrendered on May 7, 1945

30. Manhattan Project • Project was the secret production of the atomic bomb • Two bombs were used • One was dropped in Hiroshimaother was dropped on Nagasaki • Japan surrendered shortly after