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Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004

EUCAR. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach ». The Well – to – Wheel Approach :

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Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004

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  1. EUCAR Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » The Well – to – Wheel Approach : This approach considers not only the GHGs produced when a fuel is used in the Vehicle ( Tank to Wheel – TtW ), but also the GHGs emitted in the Fuel production and distribution ( Well to Tank – WtT ). Focusing on the GHGs emissions produced by the fuel consumed by a Vehicle can give a misleading impression on the true GHG impact of the Propulsion System / Fuel combinaison, …

  2. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » Well – to – Tank Emphasis on the Hydrogen Production Pathways

  3. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » Compressed Hydrogen Pathways * Excluding Electricity ( Electrolysis )

  4. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » Liquified Hydrogen Pathways * Excluding Electricity ( Electrolysis )

  5. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » Electricity to Hydrogen Pathways Electricity Production Pathways IGCC Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle / CCGT : Combined Cycle Gas Turbine

  6. Summary Hydrogen Pathways Electrolysis must be the “last resort” unless an uncontroversial renewable energy source can be used Liquid H2 is more Energy and GHG intensive than Compressed H2

  7. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » Tank – to – Wheel Gasoline, Diesel, Natural Gas, Hydrogen 2002 : only Internal Combustion Engines 2010 : include both I.C.E and Fuel Cells as a Reference : « Virtual » Vehicle PISI 1,6 Gasoline

  8. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » * additional fuels are under consideration : LPG, Bio-Gas

  9. Tank-to-Wheel study : Compared G.H.G. emissions STATE of the ART 2002

  10. Tank-to-Wheel study : Compared G.H.G. emissions Forecast 2010 Direct H2 Fuel Cells

  11. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » Well – to – Wheel * Conventional Fuel ICE / Hydrogen ICE / Hydrogen FC

  12. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » * Conventional Fossil Fuels / Hydrogen ( ICE )

  13. WTW, 2010 technologies, Hydrogen FC 250 200 150 g CO2eq/km 100 50 0 Diesel CIDI Gasoline PISI Gasoline SIDI Diesel CIDI dpf CNG, 4000 km LH2, ref remote LH2, LNG, ref central CH2, LNG, ref central CH2, Coal EU-mix, gasifier LH2, NG 4000 km, ref central CH2, NG 4000 km, ref on-site LH2, farmed wood, gasifier central CH2, farmed wood, gasifier on-site CH2, farmed wood, gasifier central CH2, NG 4000 km,ref central, pip... CH2, EU-mix elec, electrolysis on... LH2, NG 4000 km, electrolysis ce... 2000-2010 performance range TTW WTT Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » * Conventional Fossil Fuels / Hydrogen ( Fuel Cell )

  14. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » Well – to – Wheel ( GHG global Impact ) Conventional Fuel ICE / Hydrogen ICE / Hydrogen FC Strongly depending on the H2 production Pathways, the H2 fuelled Vehicles could offer attractive GHG figures

  15. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » Well – to – Wheel ( GHG global Impact ) ( continued, … ) Prior to enter into the Hydrogen era, there are many « BioMass to Liquid Fuel » pathways to develop in order to bring an « immediate » effect on the entire vehicle fleet, …

  16. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » BtL : BioMass to Liquid Fuels ( like “SunDiesel” fuels ) are nowadays : Intrinsically “Clean” : ( 0 sulfur, 0 aromatics ) Low polluting : particles HC CO - 25 % - 60 % - 90 % * Usable directly in  present « State-of-the-Art » vehicles : entire fleet, … * Need NO specific distribution network (blend : 1 up to 100 %) * Need NO specific technology to be developped Will bring : - Immediate, global G.H.G. benefit, as soon as available - Durable and domestic sourcing ( biomass, residues and waste ) - Potential renewable hydrogen sourcing….

  17. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » On an Environmental Point of View, and as far as the GHG impact of the Road Transport Sector is concerned, the only valid approach is the Global Well to Wheel Overview, as the only way to cover the complete chain : ** from the Fuel Production ( Well ) to the Fuel Consumption ( Wheel ), … ** just as an example, …, for a Std Diesel Passenger Car :

  18. Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe Warsaw , 7 – 8 th October 2004 Round Table : Hydrogen Energy Technology / Economy «  The New Fuels and their Future / WtW approach » a « Step by Step » Approach, … :

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