Session One AN OVERVIEW OF Quality Assurance of Malaysian Higher Education

1. Session One AN OVERVIEW OF Quality Assurance of Malaysian Higher Education MALAYSIAN QUALIFICATIONS AGENCY

2. OUTLINE The Malaysia Qualification Agency The Malaysia Qualification Agency Council Evolution of the department from 1997 Till 2008 MQA formation Learning outcomes Credit system MQF MQA and differences with LAN Transition process of MQA Documentation of LAN TC-01 pzv/09/09/08

3. 1 and the Professional Bodies eg… Board of Engineers 2 The Need for an Outcomes Approach for Continual Programme Improvement

4. Responsibility of MQA • To implement the Malaysian Qualifications Framework (MQF) as a reference point for Malaysian qualifications; • To develop, with the co-operation of stakeholders, standards, criteria and instruments as a national reference for the conferment of awards; • To quality assure higher education providers and programmes; • To accredit programmes that fulfil a set of criteria and standards; • To facilitate the recognition and articulation of qualifications; • To establish and maintain the Malaysian Qualifications Register (MQR); and • To advise the Minister on any matter relating to quality assurance in higher education.

5. What is The Malaysian Qualifications Agency Council? • The head of the MQA which comprises of a Chairman and 16 members • The functions of the Council are: • to approve plans and policies for the management of the Agency; • to approve amendments and updates of the MQF; • to approve policies and guidelines relating to audit processes and the accreditation of programmes, qualifications and higher education providers; • to receive and monitor reports, returns, statements and any other information relating to accreditation, institutional audit and evaluation; and • to continuously guide the Agency in its function as a quality assurance body and do all things reasonably necessary for the performance of its functions under the Act.

6. Evolution of the department from 1997 Till 2008

7. Quality Assurance (QA) Development Between 1997 Till 2008 Pre 1996- internal affair & licensing 1997 -LAN for programme accreditation of PHEIs QAD (2002) for Public universities by audits 2005 –Cabinet –consolidate Quality Assurance for higher education and implement MQF 01/11/2007- Est. of MQA 2008- introducing the changes in QA framework -programme accreditation and audit within MQF All Higher Education Providers (HEPs) pzv/09/09/08

8. Key Factors Guiding Quality Assurance Changes Capacity building and access Mobility, portability and recognition of qualifications (learning) Global education hub Effectiveness of QA International developments National Higher Education Master Plans Beyond 2020- 3 As – leveling up quality of higher education pzv/09/09/08

9. NATIONAL STRATEGIES-TRANSFORMING HIGHER EDUCATION OUT COMES BASED EDUCATION Mid Term Review 9th National Dev. Plans Thrust 2 to raise the capacity for knowledge, innovation and to nurture a –high quality , knowledgeable and innovative human capital imbued with good values 1.Whole organisation strategies-effective learning environment 2. Leaner centric –Outcomes based focus 3. Community involvement Human Capital with First-class Mentality Governance Academia Leadership Teaching and Learning Research and Development Apex Universities MyBrain15 Lifelong Learning Academic Performance Audit Graduate Training Scheme Transformation Framework Institutional Pillars Critical Agenda Source: National Higher Education Action Plan 2007-2010 zitamohd afahmi/MQA /shanghai 9

10. The Background MQF diluluskanoleh MPTN pada 4 Jan 2005 Menetapkan 4 cirikelayakaan TAHAP HASIL PEMBELAJARAN KREDIT PROFIL PEMBANGUNAN SISTEM KREDIT • pengubahsuaian pengiraan kredit • penetapan kredit minimum bagi tahap-tahap kelayakan • Implikasi dasar • Kredit minimum • Kredit aras keluar • tempoh pengajian Bengkel Kebangsaan Sistem Kredit dalam MQF diadakan pada 31 Jan - 2 Feb. 2005 Garis Panduan Sistem Kredit Kerangka Kelayakan Malaysia

11. LAN / QAD MIGRATION TO MQA

12. pzv/09/09/08 12

13. What is MQF? A framework that unites all qualifications (academic, professional, vocational & technical, work-based, industry related skills) awarded by approvedand certified institutions which becomes the reference point for information, quality assurance and recognition of qualifications MQF Manual

14. Malaysian Qualifications Framework (MQF) • The elements of a qualification include:- • the level (eg Certificate, Diploma, Bachelor) which is linked to learning outcomes. • the broad discipline or field. • the credits/total student study load to achieve a specified set of learning outcomes. • 4. the nature or purpose of the qualification.

15. Life Long Learning & Information Management Communi -cation & team skills Critical Thinking & Scientific Approach Managerial & Entrepreneu -rial Skills PSYCHOMOTOR/ PRACTICAL/ TECHNICAL SKILLS Learning Outcomes SOCIAL SKILLS & RESPONSIBILITY KNOWLEDGE PROFESSIONALISM, VALUES, ATTITUDES, ETHICS

16. Techniques When writing leaning outcomes • Understandable • Achievable • Involvement of candidates • Suitable and relevance • Sufficient • Measurable

17. How do we achieve these?(Where do we begin? ) The 4-prong approach (ALAM Approach) : • Align Malaysian Higher Education to a student-centered - outcome based system. • Link the Learning Outcomes to the Objectives of the programme. • Adopt suitable processes and assessment tools to measure student learning outcomes. Continuous Quality Improvement –quantitative and qualitative • Measure Student Learning Time (SLT) and give these credit value. Mark a shift from the content of a coursetowards the outcome; (from what the teacher wants to teach to what the student is able to do on the successful completion of the programme/course) Rozilini

18. Learning Outcomes (LO), TnL Approaches and Credits • LO MQF and other LO Program stakeholders reqt • LO Program LO Course • LO Course Learning Activities • Learning Activities Student Learning Time • Student Learning Credit Time

19. What is credit NOTIONAL CREDIT HOUR MQF Credit System The notional credit hours define one credit. A preliminary survey of the total learning hours required of a student to achieve the learning outcomes in specific disciplines indicate that 40 hours would be the most appropriate student load to use as equivalent to one credit. The use of 40 hours as the notional credit will not give rise to major mindset upsets.

20. Hour distribution of study load for 40 hours (1 credit hour) • 10 hours of lecture • 4 hours of tutorial • 14 hours of preparation before lecture and tutorial, fact findings, peers discussion, revision and making notes. • 8 hours of assignment • 4 hours of exams, quiz and final examination

21. Credit and MQF qualification • Minimum credit of a field • Can be increased but cannot be less than the minimum credits • Minimum credits depends on standard of a field and determined by discipline and field of studies. • Depends on the committee of higher education.

22. Credit and MQF qualification • Type of program: • One major: Bac of Dentistry • Major with specialization: (25% specialization). Eg: Bac Computer (Networking) • Major-minor (minimum 25% minor) Eg: Bac Biological Science with education • Double major (Minimum 50-50%) Eg: Bac Sc Nutrition and community health. • Additional credit hours can be accepted but not the reduction of credit hours

23. How does it all link up?

24. Upgrading System from LAN To MQF A comparative Studies

26. LAN-TC-01 A Quite Review

27. Assessment of Accereditation

28. Before and After

29. Nine areas of the quality evaluation process

30. Comparison between LAN and MQA

32. Thank youYale Consultancy Sdn Bhdinfo@yaleconsultant.com03-2021 0577