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PSYCHOLOGY BACKGROUND AND PERSPECTIVES

PSYCHOLOGY BACKGROUND AND PERSPECTIVES. Psychology revolves around understanding all the things humans do and reasons behind these behaviors. Why is this field worthwhile?. How Psychology Developed. Wilhelm Wundt- “Founder of Psychology” – 1879 Why is he important?

mechelle-rich
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PSYCHOLOGY BACKGROUND AND PERSPECTIVES

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  1. PSYCHOLOGY BACKGROUND AND PERSPECTIVES

  2. Psychology revolves around understanding all the things humans do and reasons behind these behaviors. • Why is this field worthwhile?

  3. How Psychology Developed • Wilhelm Wundt- “Founder of Psychology” – 1879 • Why is he important? • What did he study in his lab?

  4. Psychology’s EarlyCompeting Views • First 2 differing viewpoints: • 1.) Structuralism- Edward Titchener • Psychology should analyze consciousness into basic elements and investigate relationships. • What was studied? What techniques used? • 2.) Functionalism- William James • Psychologists should study function (or purpose) of consciousness, not just structure. • What was studied? What were major influences?

  5. Sigmund Freud- Psychoanalytic Theory • What do you think of when you hear this name? • Unconscious- Thoughts below surface of our awareness • Major determinant of all our behavior

  6. Behaviorism- John B. Watson • Behaviorists believe we should only study observable behavior • Clear stance towards Nurture side of Nature/Nurture Debate: • B.F. Skinner

  7. Nature/Nurture Debate • Nature- Behavior is determined by genes (genetic inheritance) • Nurture- Behavior is determined by our environment and experience.

  8. Humanistic Perspective- Carl Rogers • Humanists emphasized unique human qualities, freedom, and potential for personal growth.

  9. Cognitive Psychology • Cognitive psychology- Psychologists study cognition (mental processes involved in behavior) • Became prominent in 1950’s and 1960’s

  10. Evolutionary Psychology • Evolutionary Psychology- Examines behavior in terms of what is important for survival or reproduction

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