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Beyond Habitat Selection: Physiological Responses of Species to Climate. Betsy Reardon GEO 387H: Physical Climatology Literature Review Presentation Professor: Dr. Zong-Liang Yang. Presentation Outline. Introduction to Ecology/Biogeography
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Beyond Habitat Selection: Physiological Responses of Species to Climate Betsy Reardon GEO 387H: Physical Climatology Literature Review Presentation Professor: Dr. Zong-Liang Yang
Presentation Outline • Introduction to Ecology/Biogeography • Climate Envelope Models vs. Mechanistic Models • Key Life History Features and Their Relationship to Climate • Conclusions
Introduction • What is Ecology? • What is Biogeography? • Species Ranges and Range Limits
Introduction • What is Ecology? • What is Biogeography? • Species Ranges and Range Limits • Future Predictions about Range
Climate Envelope Model • Based on Ecological Niche Theory • Hutchinson 1957 • Define Current Range • Determine Correlative Environmental Variables • Attempt to Anticipate Future Spatial of Environmental Variables • Species Track Environmental Variables
Climate Envelope Model • Based on either presence-absence data or abundance counts • Assume full range information with comprehensive data • Assume capturing all significant environmental variables • Attempt to not “Over-Fit” the data
Mechanistic Model • Identify relationship between key biological events and climate • Predict physiological responses to climate change • Forecast future range boundaries
Key Life History Features • Migration • Sex Determination • Phenology • Reproduction
Migration • Triggers classically studied as either temperature or lighting variations • Suggest relationship to large-scale global climate phenomena • Ex. North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) • Huppop and Huppop (2003)
Sex Determination • Human sex determination is based on sex chromosomes • Most reptile sex determination is based on environmental controls
2ºC shifted from normal • 4ºC beyond rebound http://i1.treknature.com/
Phenology • Study of the timing of biological events • Use to study reaction of species to climate change • Use to anticipate shifts in ecological relationships
Reproduction • Commonly coupled with other life history events • Reproductive success is dependent on climate
Conclusions • Essential links between key life history events and climate • Rate of evolution and climate change • Climate Envelop vs. Mechanistic Models