Drills & Drilling

1. Drills & Drilling Drills & Drilling

2. The Pillar Drill The Pillar Drill can be used to drill wood, metal, and plastic. As a general rule the larger the hole you are trying to drill the slower the drill should rotate. When using this (or any other machine) it is important to read the safety notice on the wall to make sure you understand how to use the machine safely. When using the Pillar Drill you must Wear Goggles Tie any long hair back Tuck in any loose clothing

3. The Pillar Drill Pulleys On / Off Switch Depth Stop Drill Chuck Chuck Guard Machine Vice Chuck Key

4. The Pillar Drill To change the speed on the pillar drill you have to move the drive belt up or down the pulleys. This works in much the same as bicycle gears. Low Speed Pulley High Speed Pulley

5. Screwdriver Bit Cordless Drill Keyless Chuck Forward / Reverse Switch Adjustable Clutch On / Off switch The Cordless Drill can be fitted with a drill bit (1mm to 10mm) for drilling small holes, a Countersink bitfor countersinking holes or a Screwdriver bit for driving in screws. Battery Pack

6. Drill Bits • Twist Drills • (Used for drilling wood, metal and plastic) • 2) Reduced Shank Twist Drill • (As above but reduced shank allows larger drill bits to be fitted in a chuck) • 3) Dowel bit • (Used to drill clean holes in wood for dowel joints) • 4) Spade Bit • (Used for drilling large holes in wood) • 5) Masonry Bit • (Used to drill holes in concrete) • 6) Forstner Bit • (Used to drill clean flat bottomed holes in wood. Available in a wide range of sizes 6 – 50mm)

7. Twist Drills Twist Drills are available in a wide range of sizes. In the school workshop they range from 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, ……….12.5, 13mm They are used to drill wood, metal and plastic.

8. Machine Vice Drilling Metals When using a twist drill to drill metal you must always secure the work piece in a vice. For large pieces of metal you can use a Machine Vice and for smaller pieces a Hand Vice Hand Vice Remember when drilling large holes always set the drill to a slow speed. If the holes are bigger than 10mm it is generally safer to drill a Pilot Hole first. (A pilot hole is a smaller hole, say 5mm, that will act as a guide for the larger drill)

9. Machine Vice Drilling Plastic When using a twist drill to drill plastic you should always try to secure the work piece in a vice. Remember when drilling Acrylic don’t try to drill too fast or the brittle plastic could shatter. Make sure you tighten the vice properly or the work piece may come loose (This is true for drilling all materials)

10. Machine Vice Drilling Wood For drilling smaller pieces of wood you should use a machine vice When drilling larger pieces of wood it is safe to hold the wood securely with your hand

11. Flat Bits Flat bits are available in a wide range of sizes. • Flat bits are used for drilling holes in wood only. The main advantage flat bits have over other types of drill are. • They are easy to sharpen • They cost less.

12. Forstner Bits As shown below Forstner bits are available in a wide range of sizes. Forstner bits are used for drilling holes in wood only. The main advantages of this type of drill bit are. • Forstner Bits produce a very smooth cut that requires little finishing. • Forstner Bits produce a flat bottomed hole.

13. Plug Cutters In the workshop we have 3 sizes of plug cutter. 6mm, 9mm, & 12mm. These can be used to cut small wooden plugs as shown. Plug Cutters

14. Flush Cut Saw Using a Plug Cutter 1) Using a pillar Drill and Machine Vice carefully drill a plug about 10mm deep 3) Use the appropriate Forstner bit to drill a hole in to work piece that is to be plugged. 4) Glue the plug in place 6) Sand Smooth 2) Use a screwdriver to break the plug loose. 5) When the glue is dry use a flush cut saw to trim the excess plug

15. Hole Saws Hole saws can be used to cut hole in thin sheet material. (Wood, Metal and Plastic) This tool is traditionally used by Plumbers to drill holes in water tanks etc. (When drilling metal oil must be used to help keep the blade cool and the work piece must be clamped to the table) Scrap Hole Saw As you can see from the shape of the scrap wood the hole saw can also be used to make wheels.

16. Counter Sink Bit The Countersink Bit is used to countersink holes for countersunk screws The Countersink bit can be used in a hand drill, pillar drill or Cordless drill Countersink Bit

17. Hand Drill The Hand Drill can be used to drill small holes (up to 8mm) And is useful for holding a countersink bit

18. How to screw two pieces of wood together Countersink Bit 1) Drill a pilot hole 2) Counterbore the top piece 3) Countersink the top piece 4) Drive in a screw Hand Drill Pozi Drive Screwdrivers

19. Carpenters Brace & Bit Brace Chuck Auger Bit Ratchet The Carpenters Brace can be used to drill large diameter holes through wood. Auger Bits are available in a wide range of Lengths and Diameters

20. Carpenters Brace & Bit Handle Ratchet The ratchet mechanism allows you to drill a hole where the sweep of the handle is otherwise restricted (in a corner or beside a wall)

21. Carpenters Brace & Bit The Carpenters Brace is used as shown in the picture on the left. Damage One of the main problems with this type of drill is the damage that can occur to your work piece when the Auger bit exits the wood.

22. Carpenters Brace & Bit Scrap Wood • This can be overcome in two ways • By drilling in from both sides • By putting a piece of scrap wood behind the work piece

23. Expansive Bit Auger Bits Maximum Setting Minimum Setting Another type of drill bit that can be very useful is an Expansive Bit. This type of bit has an adjustable cutter that can drill a wide range of different sized holes. The Auger Bit has a square taper shank. This can only be fitted into a Carpenters Brace.

24. 4kg SDS Hammer Drill Masonry Bits Masonry drills are used to drill holes in concrete. They are generally made from toughened steel with a Tungsten tip. The picture above shows a powerful hammer drill suitable for drilling large holes in concrete. Tungsten Tip

25. The End