Quality linked to geographical origin and GIs

1. Quality linked to geographical origin and GIs Lessons learnt from the world and presentation of the project

2. Outline • Origin-linked products, GIs and rural development • What does FAO do in this domain • Presentation of the Croatian project and team

3. Origin-linked products, GIs and rural development

4. Linking People, Product and Place GI Specific quality, reputation in the market Example: Chivito Criollo del Norte Neuquino, Argentina local specific breed in arid mountainous region (altitude ranging from 600 to 2400 m) • Characterization of the local race • Elaboration of the code of practice • Protection of the GI and marketing Local natural and human resources: soil, climate, breed, varieties, know-how... Product Motivations and capacity to engage a collective process “we want the young can stay and live this life” People Place

5. International Definitions • TRIPS Agreement (1994) • Geographical Indications identify a good as originated in the territory of a Member, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin • 153 WTO member states • Lisbon Agreement (1958) • Appellation of Origin is the geographical name of a country, region, or locality, which serves to designate a product originating therein, the quality and characteristics of which are due exclusively or essentially to the geographical environment, including natural and human factors. • WIPO (158 member states) • 27 Contracting Parties GI are considered to be intellectual property rights, and members countries have to provide legal tools to protect these rights. “AO” defined by Lisbon can be considered as a category of “GI” defined by TRIPS

6. Advantages Social Pillar Economic Pillar Environmental Pillar • self esteem and its indirect effects (power of negotiation/rights defense); • preservation of cultural heritage; • job opportunities; • positive effects on tourism. • Etc. • protection against fraud (legal protection); • access to niche markets; • adding value; • reducing market price fluctuations; • redistribution along value chain; • benefits from collective action; • maintain added value in the production areas • Etc. • awareness and sustainable use of natural resources • preservation of biodiversity, • Etc. Consumers’ side • social expectations • food diversity • guaranties about quality, origin and production process • Etc.

7. Varieties of GIs in the world • Geographical scope • What products • Protection and Property • governmental standard(public policy) or private standard according the country... • sui generis protection : 167 including the EU • TradeMark systems : 56 nations (a number use both) • Conformity assessment systems • Exigencies • And varieties of impact...

8. “GIs” in the world Apples of Sbiba Littoral Norte Gaucho rice AO PGI Longkou Fen Si Banana of Costa Rica AOP safran de Taliouine

9. Joint public-private and 2 levels actions intermediary actors andinstitutions one origin-linked product = one specific code of practice

10. Lessons learnt – Local • Not an automatic tool... • Impacts depend on local resources and process; not on registration as such • Collective approach and appropriation • Organization: representativeness and GI management • Code of practice / participative, shared definition • Market and partners identified (niche market with added value) • Identification of local resources for preservation of specific quality and heritage • Major constraints: • long term approach • Capacities

11. Lessons learnt – institutional New area that requires: • Clear and sound legal and institutional framework • Assessment and protection as IPR • Policies to promote GI with a positive impact on rural development • Coordination systems between different sectors, levels and capacities • Importance of consumer information

12. What does FAO do in this domain?

13. Background FAO Goals • ensuring a world in which all people have sufficientsafe and nutritiousfoodthatmeetdietrayneeds and foodpreferences • eliminatingpoverty, drivingforwardeconomic and social progress , enhanced rural development and sustainablelivelihoods • ensuringsustainable management and utilization of natural ressources (land, water, climate, geneticresources…) GIsamongothermarkettools and stanadrdscancontribute to attainthese goals Recent and quick development of GIs over the world 1994: • Development of a multilateral legal framework for GIs within the WTO • national heritage: importance of promoting and protecting it

14. Quality & Origin project www. foodquality-origin.org • Main objective: to assist Member Countries and stakeholders in developing Specific quality schemes. • Framework: • project launched in 2007 • development of technical cooperation projects • Specific focus on origin-linked quality

15. Activities • Guidance tools and studies: • regional seminars, expert meetings, networking • Regional workshop "Food Quality Linked to Origin and Traditions in Southeastern European countries“, Belgrade, December 2008 • Case studies (South-eastern European: Užićka Goveća Pršuta, Serbia; Livno Cheese - Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bean of Tetovo - Tetovski Krav, FYROM) • Develop support (practical) tools, sensitization, communication • Technical cooperation projects: • According to requests • Combining support to • institutional (and legal when necessary) framework (national, regional) • pilot products (product, organization, value chain, market...)

16. Guide Linking People, Places and Products • FAO/SINER-GI • Road map for activating a local sustainable process in which GI can play a role for economic development and social/environmental preservation • Step by step approach

17. List of Technical Cooperation projects

18. Presentation of the project in Croatia

19. Background • Regional seminar for Southeastern European countries, Belgrade dec. 2008 • Importance of origin-linked products for rural development, and market potential • Bottlenecks: value-chain and market access, guarantees systems, lack of awareness and public-private governance • EBRD-FAO support to a pilot project in the area of GIs in Croatia in collaboration with • The public authorities: ministry of agriculture fisheries and rural development • An economic partner, processing and selling a number of origin-linked products in the region, Agrokor

20. Framework • Objectives: support development of sustainable GIs in Croatia by • enhancing the capacity of public actors in supporting GI development and protection, and strengthening dialogue and cooperation with producers • enhancing marketing organization and development of GI strategies along the value chain and within the territory • Supporting qualification of GI products • Framework: • project launched in January 2011, 2 years • National activities and 2 pilot cases • Team: • FAO, EBRD • MAFRD • Agrokor • REDD association • Other national and international experts

21. National capacities and raising awareness • Trainings of national commission members and all involved institutional stakeholders • Identification of origin-linked products and assessment of GI • Protection and control of GIs • Coordination between sectors and levels and synergies between programs • Elaboration of communication material to raise consumers and producers awareness : leaflet, promotional video • Guidelines for implementation of GI at local level “Linking People Products and Place” • National conference at the end of the project

22. Pilot cases Baranya kulen • “Qualification” : finalization of specification and control plan for official recognition • Building capacities of the GI association, • Training on basic requirements, • Study tour (Italy, Parma) • “Remuneration”: marketing and system of control • Training of the GI association on marketing and plan of control • Training Handbook for Baranyakulen production • market study in European countries • participation in international fair • promotional leaflet

23. Pilot cases Mandarin of Neretva • “Identification” : specific quality linked to geographical origin and mobilization • Determination of specific properties of mandarin fruit by Agrokor /University of Zagreb • Training and study tour (Italy) • Studies: consumer survey and assessment of production system • “Qualification”: • Support to elaboration of specifications by producers in a participative approach • Building capacity of GI association, training

24. www. foodquality-origin.org Emilie Vandecandelaere Food and Agriculture Organisation of UN Service de la qualité des aliments et des normes alimentaires (AGND) emilie.vandecandelaere@fao.org Tel: +39 06 570 56 210 Thank you