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WWI Chapter 26.1

WWI Chapter 26.1. Objective: to identify the causes of the Great War. Long-Term Causes. NATIONALISM : National interests placed ahead of global cooperation. Competition between countries became fierce and out of control. MILITARISM :

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WWI Chapter 26.1

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  1. WWI Chapter 26.1 Objective: to identify the causes of the Great War

  2. Long-Term Causes NATIONALISM: National interests placed ahead of global cooperation. Competition between countries became fierce and out of control. MILITARISM: The development of armed forces as a tool of foreign policy and as a tool of diplomacy (gov’t.) IMPERIALISM: Industrialization demands more resources and new markets, leading to colonization. Competition leads to rivalries/alliances.

  3. More Long-Term Causes • Alsace and Lorraine region • Pan-Slavism – what did this mean? • Balkans “the powder keg of Europe” – internal conflict following success against Turkey

  4. Alliances Lead to War • Designed to keep peace in Europe. • Bismarck started process in 1882 • Allied powers agreement also known as entente ALLIANCES: Central Powers = Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy Allied Powers = France, England, Russia

  5. The First Shot… The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand • June 28, 1914 Franz Ferdinand, heir to Austrian throne, assassinated by Serbian nationalist, GavriloPrincep • Austria issued an ultimatum – punish Serbia • Germany issues the “blank check”

  6. Chain Reaction • War declared on Serbia – July 28, 1914 • Russia begins to mobilize (prepare military forces for war • Germany declares war on Russia – August 1 • Germany declares war on France • Germany invades Belgium, Britain declares war on August 4

  7. The German Plan: A QUICK strike west through Belgium to capture Paris. Then swing forces east to knock out Russia. (Schlieffen Plan) Germany DOES NOT want to fight a war on TWO FRONTS. The Reality: Belgium does not fall easily, and British and French lines hold at the Marne. Two fronts form. No quick victory. Fighting stabilizes around “Western Front” Trench warfare instead. Opponents deadlocked. Millions die for mere miles of land. War Strategy

  8. Reasons for War

  9. WWI Animated Map

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