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Understanding Connotation and Denotation in Logic

Explore the essential concepts of connotation and denotation in logic, the logical properties of terms, and the relationship between intensional and extensional meanings. Learn how these ideas influence language and communication.

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Understanding Connotation and Denotation in Logic

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  1. ABSTRACTION SENSIBLE CONCRETE ESSENTIAL MENTAL

  2. ESSENTIAL/CONNOTATION SENSIBLE/ DENOTATION PERSONAL INTERPRETATION( RELATIVE)/ POWER OF NAMING & LABELING THING ITSELF (AS IT IS)

  3. Pinoynganaman:Ale pabilingang PAMPERS yung EQha! • Ale pabilingang DIAPER yung EQha! Uy pare anoba COLGATE mo!CLOSE UP? Uy pare anoba TOOTHPASTE moCLOSE UP? Alam mo bayungginagamitkongDOWNY! Yung SURF. Alam mo bayungginagamitkongFABRIC CONDITIONER yung SURF

  4. CONNOTATION & DENOTATION (LOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TERMS) 1. CONNOTES: (SUBJECTIVE/ SECONDARY QUALITIES) • “PARTICULAR/ SPECIFIC” meaning of something. (particular idea) • essence and function of a term • Group of characteristics essential to a term. • E.g. a connotation of a medical doctor • is a man that performs medical functions. • Constitutes the essence of all those men to whom the term “DOCTOR” applies.

  5. CONNOTATION & DENOTATION (LOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TERMS) 2. DENOTES: (OBJECTIVE/ PRIMARY QUALITIES) • set of things/persons to which the term or connotation refers. • Also known as “PHYSICAL” extension.

  6. What’s the connotation of the term ‘cute?’ • Its denotation?

  7. DENOTATION OR CONNOTATION?

  8. The idea that you believe is true even though you do not have proof IN LOGIC: a relation between a term, and the objects which it ultimately signifies.

  9. ESSENCE OF A TERM? • NAGAMIT VS MASABI LANG

  10. THE INTENSION AND EXTENSION OF TERMS • a word is a term if: • “used” in a statement. • Use vs. Mention • (subject of a statement vs. redundancy) • ‘‘‘Wherever’ is an eight-letter word.’’ (supposition of terms) • ‘‘I will follow you wherever you go.’’

  11. SUPPOSITION • Relationship: term (SUBJ) + what it designates (PREDICATE/ OBJ) • CLASSIFICATION • I. PROPER SUPPOSITION = • “REAL” disposition • 1. MATERIAL • Without reference to its real meaning • It stands as the material image; the word itself. • Man is a “three letter word” • 2. FORMAL • Real meaning of the term A) LOGICAL: “Conceptual”/ “abstract” (this exists only in the mind) - Man is a universal being B) REAL: “Physical” (exists in the objective reality) -drinking cold beer has been part of man’s recreational activities • II. IMPROPER SUPPOSITION = • implies another “suggestion”/ metaphors/ figurative speech/ double meaning • E. g. • Alam mo isusumbongkitasa MMDA. Binangga mo kasiangpusoko!

  12. THE INTENSION AND EXTENSION OF TERMS • Ideas = Words = subject matter = terms = concretized = signs = symbols = MEANINGS! • MEANINGS: INTENSIONAL & EXTENSIONAL • Intension determines extension • INTENSIONAL MEANING • Attributes that the term CONNOTES • Specific attributes • CONNOTATION • EXTENSIONAL MEANING • Identifying PHYSICAL Members of the class that the term DENOTES • The very object that falls under the specific attributes of the intensional meaning • DENOTATION

  13. INTENSIONAL MEANING • INTENSIONAL MEANING OF A CAT: • Furry • 4 legs • Charming • EXTENSIONAL MEANING OF A PUSSY CAT: • Persian • Peterbald • Brazilian Shorthair • UkranianLevkoy

  14. INTENSIONAL MEANING OF AN IDEAL PARTNER: • sexy • Fair complexion • Tall • Intellectual • Wealthy • EXTENSIONAL MEANING OF AN IDEAL PARTNER: • Demi Moore • Gloria Diaz • Anabelle Rama

  15. EMPTY EXTENSION • no members. • Include: • “white lady” • “manananggal.” • “Darna & Captain Barbell”

  16. INCREASING & DECREASING: INTENSION & EXTENSION • Increasing intension/ decreasing extension: • from general to specific term • E.g. continent • asia(general), Philippines, Luzon, Taguig, GCIC (particular) • Decreasing intension/ increasing extension: • from specific to general term • GCIC • GCIC (particular), Taguig, Luzon, Philippines, Asia, Continent (general)

  17. CONNOTATION & DENOTATION (LOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TERMS) • The connotation and denotation of a term are inversely proportional • As the connotation increases, its denotation decreases (vice versa)

  18. EXTENSIONAL MEANING DECREASES: DENOTATION INTENSIONAL MEANING INCREASES : CONNOTATION EXTENSIONAL MEANING: INCREASES: DENOTATION INTENSIONAL MEANING DECREASES : CONNOTATION DIRTY-WHITE COTTON-BALL SMALL TEETH SOFT ABSORBENT MONOBLOC

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