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Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

Integrated Pest Management (IPM). What is a pest organism?. Depends on who is defining it!. What is a “pest”?. Unwanted or undesirable organism Reduces value of human resources (food, feed, water, or space) Injures humans, animals, crops, structures, and possessions

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Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

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  1. Integrated Pest Management(IPM)

  2. What is a pest organism? • Depends on who is defining it!

  3. What is a “pest”? • Unwanted or undesirable organism • Reduces value of human resources (food, feed, water, or space) • Injures humans, animals, crops, structures, and possessions • Spreads or causes disease • Causes annoyance, discomfort, inconvenience, interference

  4. What is Integrated Pest Management (IPM)? • A planned method to manage pests • Controlis the goal (not elimination) • Uses a variety of control methods • Examines ecosystem impacts • Examines human health impacts • Evaluates effectiveness constantly • Only includes chemical pesticides when appropriate

  5. Biological Control(one method used in IPC) • The planned introduction of living organisms to control pest organisms • Uses predators, parasites or herbivores • Usually done by government authorities (e.g. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources) • Extensive research before it is done – examining ecosystem effects- such as potential for introduced organism to become an invasive species (or worse pest!)- food chain effects

  6. Biological Control – 3 methods • Conservation of natural enemies (e.g. providing habitat / food source for predator/parasite species) • Classical – introduce a foreign species to prey on or parasitize another • Augmentation – release of more natural enemies to increase their population

  7. Examples • Aphids are small insects that eat the leaves of many plants

  8. Asian ladybeetles released in North America (1980s) to control aphidsVERY SUCCESSFUL

  9. Variety of ladybugs in Canada

  10. The program was maybe too successful! • Outcompeted native ladybeetles for food (aphids) and the native species population has decreased • Now considered a nuisance themselves by many as they tend to overwinter indoors and can stain things when squashed (and smell bad!) • Sometimes even bite people!

  11. Parasitic Wasps or Flies • Wasps or flies lay their eggs on or in another insect. Developing larvae use the host insect as food.

  12. Herbivores to control weeds • Example: introduction of moth species to control Leafy Spurge (British Columbia)Before After

  13. Biological Control – 2 examples http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hj3DwimxvvY

  14. Parasitic Wasps http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLtUk-W5Gpk

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