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Immanuel Kant

The Philosophy of:. Immanuel Kant. Biography. Born 1724 in Prussia Son of Pietists Christian education Occupation: Philosopher and Ethicist Professor of logic and metaphysics Died 1804. Books and Publications. Critique of Pure Reason (1781)

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Immanuel Kant

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  1. The Philosophy of: Immanuel Kant

  2. Biography • Born 1724 in Prussia • Son of Pietists • Christian education • Occupation: Philosopher and Ethicist • Professor of logic and metaphysics • Died 1804

  3. Books and Publications • Critique of Pure Reason (1781) • The nature of knowledge in mathematics and physics • Impossibility of traditional knowledge of metaphysics • The Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Ethics (1785) • “Categorical Imperative: Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.“ • Critique of Practical Reason (1788) • Expounded ethical and moral philosophies • The Critique of Judgment (1790) • Aesthetic of judgment and teleology • Copernican Revolution: how the mind affects the perception of natural events

  4. Philosophy Synthetic Priori Contingent Truths Metaphysics Rely on other events to be proven Can not be experienced or proven But, are necessary to any moral standing • Math and physics • Consist of objects not possible to experience • But, are provable prior to or independent of any experience

  5. Philosophy of the Mind • Soul or body? • At first, both acting on each other • Later, movement to “mind” • Must be acted on by an outward force • Real Possibility • Forces affects on matter, possibility of change and coexistence • Solution: the existence of God

  6. Quotes • “All our knowledge begins with the senses, proceeds then to the understanding, and ends with reason. There is nothing higher than reason.” • “All thought must, directly or indirectly, by way of certain characters, relate ultimately to intuitions, and therefore, with us, to sensibility, because in no other way can an object be given to us. “ • “Always recognize that human individuals are ends, and do not use them as means to your end.” • “But although all our knowledge begins with experience, it does not follow that it arises from experience.” • “By a lie, a man... annihilates his dignity as a man.” • “He who is cruel to animals becomes hard also in his dealings with men. We can judge the heart of a man by his treatment of animals.” • “I had therefore to remove knowledge, in order to make room for belief.”

  7. Metaphor Kant is a top. Always spinning, never stopping, moving from place to place, second guessing and changing. Never completely erring to one side or another, but rather balancing so perfectly in between, it is impossible to distinguish his true beliefs.

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