The Civil War

1. The Civil War Name: Gabriel Chimbo Class : 853 Teacher Name: Mr. Velasquez School Name: I.S145

2. Table of contents The Civil war………1 The first Battle of Bull Run……….2 The Second Battle of Bull Run……..3 The Battle of Shiloh………4 Vocabulary section…………5 Graph………6-7

3. We are coming, father Abraham, three hundred thousand more, form Mississippi's winding stream and form new England’s shore; we leave our ploughs and workshop, our wives and children dear, with hearts too full for utterance, with but a single tear; we dare not look behind us, but steadfastly before: we are coming, father Abraham, three hundred thousand more! • From the song ”we are coming, father ABRAHAM,” • BY James Gibbons,1861 The Civil War it also known as the war between the state’s. there were many battles four of them were The first Battle of Bull Run, The second Battle of Bull Run, The Battle of Shiloh and The Battle of Antietam. In these Battle many live were lost. The Civil War took place from 1861 to 1865. There were two sides the North and the South. The union was the North and the confederacy was the South .During that time there were many spies that were trying to get information from each other. Page 1

4. The first Battle of Bull Run • The first Battle of Bull Run took place on Virginia. This battle got it name from a small river in the area called Bull Run. The battle began when about 30,000 inexperienced Union troops commanded by General Irvin McDowell attacked a slightly smaller equally inexperienced Confederate force led by General P.G.T. Beauregard. The Yankees/union drove the confederate back at first. Then the rebels/the confederates had rallied that they were inspired by reinforcements under General Thomas Jackson. The confederates won the first Battle of Bull Run. Jackson who was seen holding out ”like a stone wall,” became known there after as “stonewall” Jackson. The Union army had began to retreat that quickly and it became a mad stampede to run for their life. but this time president Abraham Lincoln requested 1million soldiers who would serve for 3 years under a General. The name of the General was George B. McClellan, he took control of the Union Army and he also headed the Union Army of the East called the Army of the Potomac-and organize the troops. This picture above shows the union soldier, with the USA flag, fighting against the confederates solders Page 2

5. The second battle of Bull Run The Second Battle of Bull Run, or, as it was called by the confederacy, the Battle of Second Manassas, was fought august 28-30, 1862, as part of the American civil war. It was the culmination of an offensive campaign wages by confederate gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia against union Maj. Gen. John pope’s Army of Virginia, and a battle of much larger scale and numbers than the First Battle of Bull Run (First Manassas) fought in 1861 on the same ground In order to draw Pope's army into battle, Jackson ordered an attack on a Federal column that was passing across his front on the Warrenton Turnpike on August 28. The fighting at Brawner Farm lasted several hours and resulted in a stalemate. Pope became convinced that he had trapped Jackson and concentrated the bulk of his army against him. On August 29, Pope launched a series of assaults against Jackson's position along an unfinished railroad grade. The attacks were repulsed with heavy casualties on both sides. At noon, Longstreet arrived on the field from Thoroughfare Gap and took position on Jackson's right flank. On August 30, Pope renewed his attacks, seemingly unaware that Longstreet was on the field. When massed Confederate artillery devastated a Union assault by Fitz John Porter's command, Longstreet's wing of 28,000 men counterattacked in the largest, simultaneous mass assault of the war. The Union left flank was crushed and the army driven back to Bull Run. Only an effective Union rearguard action prevented a replay of the First Manassas disaster. Pope's retreat to Centreville was precipitous, nonetheless. The next day, Lee ordered his army in pursuit. This was the decisive battle of the Northern Virginia Campaign. Again, the confederates won the battle. Page 3

6. The Battle of Shiloh The Battle of Shiloh, also known as the Battle of Pittsburg Landing, was a major battle in the western Theater of the American civil war, fought on April 6 and April 7, 1862, in southwestern Tennessee. Confederate forces under Generals Albert Sidney Johnston and P.G.T. Beauregard launched a surprise attack against the Union Army of Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant. The Confederates achieved some initial success on the first day but were ultimately defeated on the second day. On the first day of battle, the Confederates struck with the intention of driving the Union defenders away from the Tennessee River and into the swamps of Owl Creek to the west, hoping to defeat Grant's Army of the Tennessee before it could link up with Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell's Army of the Ohio. The Confederate battle lines became confused during the fierce fighting, and Grant's men instead fell back in the direction of Pittsburg Landing to the northeast. A position on a slightly sunken road, nicknamed the "Hornet's Nest", defended by the men of Brig. Gens. Benjamin M. Prentiss's and W.H.L. Wallace's divisions, provided critical time for the rest of the Union line to stabilize under the protection of numerous artillery batteries. Gen. Johnston was killed during the first day's fighting, and Beauregard, his second in command, decided against assaulting the final Union position that night. Reinforcements from Gen. Buell arrived in the evening and turned the tide the next morning, when he and Grant launched a counterattack along the entire line. The Confederates were forced to retreat from the bloodiest battle in United States history up to that time, ending their hopes that they could block the Union advance into northern Mississippi. Page 4

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