The Kingdom of Kush

1. The Kingdom of Kush History Alive: Chapter 10

2. The Geography of Kush • Kush is located southof Egypt along the Nile River. • Kush thrived from 2000 B.C.E. to 350 C.E • It is known for very rich goldmines. • Kush is often called Nubia. • Nubis Egyptian for gold. • Kush’s geographic location and natural resources made it an important tradehub. • It connected Central and South Africa to Egypt. • Egyptians traded with Kush along the NileRiver. • Egyptians offered grain, beer, and linen. • Kush offered gold, ivory, leather, timber, and slaves.

3. Troubles with Egypt • Egypt often foughtwith Kush controlling parts of Kush’s territory. • During the New Kingdom Egypt controlled Kush, forcing them to pay tributeto Egypt. • Kushites had to give gold, cattle, ivory, ebony, ostrich feathers, and slaves. • Sometimes these gifts included exotic animals such as giraffesand monkeys. • Kush became “Egyptianized” under Egypt’s control. • Kushites spoke and wrotein Egyptian. • WorshipedEgyptian gods and goddess.

4. Troubles with Egypt cont. • Wore Egyptian clothing. • Kushitearcherswere hired for Egypt’s army. • An archer is a person who shoots with a bow and arrow. • Kush’s princes were sent to Egypt for education. • When the New Kingdom collapsed in 1100 B.C.E. • Even though Egypt wasn’t controlling them anymore, they kept Egyptian culture.

5. Kush Conquers Egypt • After the fall of Egypt’s New Kingdom several Egyptian kingdoms fought each other for power. • This weekend Egypt. • In the mid-700sB.C.E. Kush’s armies invaded Egypt. • In 730B.C.E. northern Egypt surrendered to Kush’s king Piye. • King Piye took the title pharaoh. • Piye started the 25thruling dynasty. • A dynastyis a line of rulers (father to son to grandson to great grandson) • This dynasty is often called the “blackpharaohs.”

6. Kush Conquers Egypt cont. • The Kushites wanted to revive Egyptianglory. • They built new temples and pyramidsin both Egypt and Kush. • Jebel Barakal’s temple is the most famous. • It copied RamsesII’s temple in style. • In 671 B.C.E. Egypt’s former territory was conquered by the Assyrians. • The Kushites tried to battle the Assyrians. • The Assyrians had ironweapons. The Kushites only had bronze.

7. Egyptian Kings bowing before Kush’s kings.

8. Jebel Barakal’s temple

9. The Kush Capital of Meroë • After the city of Napata was destroyed, Kush moved its’ capital to Meroë. • The city was further south and therefore safer from invaders. • Kush continued to trade using the Nile, RedSea, and overland trade routes. • They traded with Arabs, African kingdoms, Rome, India, and maybe even China.

10. The Kush Capital of Meroë cont. • Meroëalso became known industry. • After losing to the Assyrians because of iron weapons, the Kushites became famous for their work with iron. • Meroë had everything they needed to produce iron. • Had richiron deposits. • Had plenty of forests. • Wood is needed to make charcoal. • Charcoal is used to heat the iron. • When heated iron separates from the rock. • They made iron weaponsand farmingtools.

11. Kushites mastered the art of working with iron to create tools and weapons.

12. Kush Returns to Its African Roots • After splitting away from Egypt, Kush returned to its Africanroots. • Their artwork, clothing, and buildings no longer imitated Egyptian styles. • They worshipped an African lion-god. • They spoke and wrote Meroitic. • It had its own alphabet not based off of hieroglyphics.

13. Kush Returns to Its African Roots cont. • Kush became ruled by Kandakes. • These are Queenmothers. • They often co-ruled with their sons or husbands. • They were considered goddesses. • Queen Amanirenas is the most famous. • She destroyed many Roman forts. • Romesigned a peace treaty with Kush. • 350 C.E. Kush was conquered by Ethiopia.

14. Queen Amanirenas and her son watch a Roman Fort burn.

15. Work Cited • History Alive: History of the Ancient World • http://wysinger.homestead.com/jebel_barkal6.jpg • http://www.martinsv • ille.k12.va.us/mhs/gdean/test2/nubia.jpg • http://files.reseguiden.se/files/79/rg_717079_m600.jpg • http://wysinger.homestead.com/8kushite.jpg • http://www.egyptartsite.com/myth/2lion.jpg • http://www.suppressedhistories.net/wspowerjpgs/kwakiutl.jpg • http://s1.hubimg.com/u/2253044_f260.jpg • http://www.overthinkingit.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/iron-age-tools.jpg