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Challenges in Low Power Communication Protocol Design Implementation A SensiumTM Case Study

2. Talk Outline. Application areaAvailable standard-based solutions

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Challenges in Low Power Communication Protocol Design Implementation A SensiumTM Case Study

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    1. Challenges in Low Power Communication Protocol Design & Implementation A SensiumTM Case Study Okundu C. Omeni, Alan CW Wong, Declan McDonagh, Alison Burdett Toumaz Technology Ltd, UK www.toumaz.com okundu.omeni@toumaz.com

    2. 2 Talk Outline Application area Available standard-based solutions & motivation for a proprietary solution Toumaz’s Sensium communication protocol (NSP) Implementation & Performance details Summary

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    4. 4 Medical Body Area Network Application Requirements Low power Low cost For some applications (digital patch), devices would be disposable Robustness Reliability Security

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    6. 6 Sensium Nano Sensor Protocol (NSP) primary network topology Star topology Central node is called a Basestation & terminal (power constrained) nodes targets Target nodes can roam between Basestations Basestations can communicate

    7. 7 Main NSP Features & Terminologies Star topology (Basestation - Target) network Architecture Network of Basestation and Targets termed a cluster FDMA/TDMA channel access Poll based access mechanism LBT if required by regulation Acknowledged protocol Dynamic Time Slotting Wakeup Fallback Time (WFT) increases autonomy Cross-Layer optimization

    8. 8 Additional NSP Features Word level hamming error CODEC (15,11) Inverse parity bit also included (guarantees bit transitions irrespective of data) Frame level error detection using CRC16 MAC Word masking provides data whitening Communication post-link establishment is based on address recognition Support for time-slot enforcement Security mechanisms based on AES-128 Timing Synchronization between Targets & Basestation

    9. 9 Sensium NSP Communication modes In the next few slides I will go through the various communication modes that are supported by the NSP I would also be highlighting applications which could use these modes

    10. 10 Protocol Handshake Process 1 BASESTATION to TARGET (DEFAULT) Communication

    11. 11 Protocol Handshake Process 2 TARGET TO BASESTATION COMMUNICATIONS

    12. 12 Protocol Handshake Process 3 BASESTATION TO BASESTATION COMMUNICATIONS

    13. 13 Protocol Handshake Process 4 TARGET BROADCAST COMMUNICATION

    14. 14 Protocol Handshake Process 5 BASESTATION BROADCAST COMMUNICATION

    15. 15 Message Frame Formats

    16. 16 Link Establishment Basestation finds vacant RF Channel from a list using RSSI & LBT (depending on regulatory requirements) Transmits BSEEK message and listens for Target response. Repeats this cycle until a response is received or it times out. Target finds active channel and listens for BSEEK. If not found in time window, it moves to the next active channel. If found, it responds, receives an address and a link is established

    17. 17 SLEEP/WAKEUP CYCLES After Link establishment, a Target goes through SLEEP/WAKEUP cycles. During SLEEP, sensor data may be acquired (while rest of system is powered-down) On WAKEUP, this data can be transmitted to the Basestation The Basestation is usually always active, as it services multiple Targets and also listens for possible ALARMS

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    20. 20 Relative Performance

    21. 21 The Sensium Ecosystem

    22. 22 IEEE 802.15.6 – BAN Standard group Formed in 2006 to develop a power efficient wireless network protocol for on-body applications Medical/Healthcare applications are the main target for this standard Toumaz is part of a consortium MedWiN formed with 3 other companies – TI, GE & Philips Research to propose a solution for this standard which meets the low power and other requirements of the medical applications outlined earlier The standard development process is currently at the baseline selection process and hopefully this phase would be completed by the end of the year We are cautiously hopeful that the final standard that comes out of this process would be at least as power efficient as Toumaz’s solution

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