TAKS OBJ 5 Motion, Forces, and Energy

1. TAKS OBJ 5Motion, Forces, and Energy • 11 questions • TOPICS INCLUDE: • Calculations involving anything onformula chart • Newton’s laws • Simple machines • Energy • Law of Conservation of Energy • Heat transfer • Waves

2. FORMULA CHART • CHECK IT AND RECHECK IT!! • BUZZ WORDS: • What is …? • How much…? • How many…? • NUMBERS-NUMBERS-NUMBERS!

3. Most of the formulas have 3 variables Use triangle method to help you solve for other variables Draw a triangle with a T Arrange RIGHT SIDE of formula FIRST Variable on LEFT goes in remaining space Cover what you are solving for TRIANGLE METHOD W F d

4. W 980 N F 2.04 m d April 2004

5. p 15 m v 30 April 2003

6. F m 0.5 a 3 April 2003

7. Newton’s laws of motion

8. Law of INERTIA • tendency for an object to remain at rest or in motion until acted upon by an outside force • Objects keep on doing what they are doing until something (a force) acts on them • FRICTION is the primary force that opposes motion 1st LAW OF MOTION

11. July2006

12. Force = mass x acceleration (N) (kg) (m/s2) • Acceleration is change in velocity over time. • Something accelerates when you change • speed (+ or -) • direction 2nd LAW OF MOTION

13. Big masses are hard to accelerate. Big masses require big forces to change speed or direction.

15. Acceleration= final velocity- initial velocity change in time = 44.7 – 0 4.50 = 9.93 F 90.0 m ?? 9.93 a April 2006

16. For every action force there is anequal and opposite reaction force. Also known as action- reaction. Examples: I love Newton’s 3rd Law!! 3rd LAW OF MOTION

17. April 2004

18. ENERGY is the ability to • DO WORK • cause change • to make something happen

19. Types of energy POTENTIAL ENERGY - stored energy - has the ABILITY to cause change - Energy in waiting

20. CHEMICAL ENERGY stored in chemical bonds is a form of POTENTIAL ENERGY

21. PE= mgh • g is a CONSTANT • PE= 2 x 9.8 x 3.0 • = 58.8 • 2)PE= 2 x 9.8 x 1.0 = 19.6 • 3)58.8 – 19.6 = 39.2 Potential energy due to gravity can be calculated- THIS MEANS FORMULA CHART Dec 2005Feb 2006 July 2006

22. KINETIC ENERGY • energy of motion • can be calculated(see formula chart) Examples: • Second hand of a clock. • Airplane flying. • Boat sailing.

23. HEAT (THERMAL) ENERGY is the sum of the kinetic energy of the molecules • ELECTRICAL ENERGY is the movement of electrons • LIGHT (RADIANT) ENERGY is the movement of waves and/or light particles (photons)

24. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY • energy CANNOT be created nor destroyed • BUT it CAN be TRANSFERRED from one form to another

25. April 2004

26. Transfer of Heat Processes

27. CONDUCTION • transfer of heat through a SOLID, where kinetic energy is transferred from molecule to molecule • Objects MUST touch • THINK of a CONDUCTOR

28. CONVECTION • Convection:transfer of heat that occurs from the motion of fluid in LIQUID or GAS that is caused by differences in temperature

29. RADIATION • transfer of heat by electromagnetic WAVES that are produced by thermal motion of molecules and atoms • SUN!!! • NO TOUCHING

31. April 2004

32. April 2004

33. July 2006

34. TAKS Study Tools • Good websites: • http://www.track.uttelecampus.org/ • http://www.roomd113.com/

35. GOOD LUCK!!