The 1895 Schoolroom EXPERIENCE

1. The 1895 Schoolroom EXPERIENCE A Plan For 5TH Graders Using the Madison-Morgan Cultural Center’s Restored 1895 Classroom

2. The Madison-Morgan Cultural Center wishes to thank the Watson-Brown Foundation for its generous support for the creation of The 1895 Schoolroom EXPERIENCE.

3. Be immersed in an experience that brings Georgia history to life! Travel back in time by stepping into the shoes of children living and learning in the 1890s. imagine, participate, think, compare, re-enact, reflect, create, discuss, research, play

4. Where Are We Going? To the Madison-Morgan Cultural Center for a field trip in historic Madison, Georgia!

5. The 1895 Schoolroom EXPERIENCE • Location: The historic classroom and auditorium of the Madison-Morgan Cultural Center • Offered: Tuesday-Friday • Program Length: Flexible • Cost: Free • Materials: 24 student desks, McGuffey readers, slates, lunch pails • The 1895 Schoolroom Experience Teacher Guide is available upon request. It is filled with historical background, curriculum connections, and suggestions for activities that you can do with your classes before, during, and after your visit. Email info1895Experience@mmcc-arts.org

6. Purpose To provide 5th grade students with an insight into the ways of life, methods of teaching/learning lessons, and the similarities/differences of the Public School System in 1895-1910.

7. Standards • National Historical Thinking Standards, 5-12.http://nchs.ucla.edu/standards/thinking5-12_toc.html • National Curriculum Standards for Social Studies: II. IV, V http://www.socialstudies.org/standards/strands#1 • National Visual Arts Standards, K-12. http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/teach/standards/ • Georgia Performance Standards: SS5H3 The student will describe how life changed in America at the turn of the century. ELA5R1,2.3,4; ELA5W1,2,3; ELA5LSV1,2; M5P1,3,4

8. Museum Manners • Look, but do not touch the walls. • No running, pushing or shoving. • Stay in a quiet line. • Indoor voices only. • Raise hand to answer one at a time. • Sit still in the desks and auditorium seats. • No food, drinks, or gum inside. • Treat the Museum like your Grandmother!

9. 1895 Romanesque Revival brick building Opened March 1896 for 4 month term with 6 teachers and 210 pupils, grades 1-8 One of the first public graded schools in the South Cost: $13,500 Educational facility for 61 years: Housed grammar school until 1957 Housed high school until new school built in 1921 The History Madison-Morgan Cultural Center

10. First Annual Report of the Madison Public Schools Spring Term, 1896 By the late 1860s, Madison’s economy began to prosper as the town’s population began to recover after the Civil War. By 1880, the population was 2,000. The City of Madison constructed two public graded schools in 1896, one for the white children and one for the African-American children.

11. South Main Street School“The city school for white children”* • 6 teachers • 210 pupils enrolled • 82% enrollment/pop. • 88% attendance • $1.83 monthly cost per pupil *Quoted from The First Annual Report of the Madison Public Schools, Madison, Georgia, for the Spring Term, 1896.

12. Burney Street School“The second city school for colored children”* • 6 teachers • 219 pupils enrolled • 51% enrollment/pop. • 80% attendance • $0.95 monthly cost per pupil *Quoted from The First Annual Report of the Madison Public Schools, Madison, Georgia, for the Spring Term, 1896.

13. Pre-Trip Activities It starts in your classroom with discussion, imagination, and research! • “Imagine the past” activities • Library research for current events • Dress in period clothing for the day • Pack a 19th-Century Lunch • Read books written in the 19th century • Interview elderly family & friends • Search for family heirloomsdiaries • Watch movies set in the time period • Stage a photograph in your costume • Design a collaborative class journal to • document the experience

14. What To Wear Boys: Long or mid-calf trousers Loose fit , button-down shirt Suspenders Boots Girls: Cotton dresses below knee Pinafore Lace-up shoes or boots Ribbon in hair Bonnets No tee-shirts with logos; they were not invented yet!

15. Pack a Lunch • Meat sandwiches • Jelly sandwiches (peanut butter was scarce) • Homemade bread and butter • Biscuits • Sweet potatoes bread • Hard-boiled eggs • Beef jerky • Fruit • Cheese • Raw veggies • Pickles • Doughnuts • Tea cakes • Cakes • Lemonade • Root beer • Ginger ale • Milk • Grape juice Students will put their lunch bag in lunch pails in the historic classroom.

16. What Will We Do First? • Walk to the front of the museum, as the bell rings in the bell tower and up the stairs. • Begin with a Morning Devotional in the auditorium. • Go quietly up the stairs to the Classroom.

17. The center of school and community activities. Morning assemblies: Bible reading, prayer, song, devotional and closing. Recitals, plays, political gatherings, minstrels, beauty pageants, and programs. The Auditorium

18. The Classroom Heated by pot-bellied stoves Oiled floors At least 20 lineal feet of blackboard Framed pictures on wall Dictionary, Maps, and Library McGuffey readers Slates The Classroom • Heated by pot-bellied stoves • Oiled floors • At least 20 lineal feet of blackboard • Framed pictures on wall • Dictionary, Maps, and Library • McGuffey Readers • Slates

19. The Teacher’s Desk

20. The Student’s Desk

21. Classroom Supplies

22. The Lessons • Reading and reciting from McGuffey readers • Participating in lessons from the 1800s , such as a spelling bee, elocution exercises and arithmetic • Writing on slates • A blackboard drawing lesson • Playing games of the 1800s

23. Blackboard Drawing

24. After the Trip Written Reflections Creative Art Reflections Students can choose and use any art materials offered to creatively reflect on their historic classroom experience. Students may do a drawing, but they do not have to draw! Suggested materials include: White, brown, & black construction paper White chalk Scissors and glue string • Describe your 1895 Schoolroom experience. What do you remember? • What are the differences in school life now from in 1895? What has changed over time? • Compare the differences in design, construction, and materials used in the building, desks, and activities. • What social changes have affected school life over the last one hundred years? • In what ways does society need to change? • In what ways can school help bring about needed changes? • In what ways will future classrooms differ from today’s classrooms?

25. Comparing the Classrooms By experiencing both classrooms, students can learn through their bodily & emotional feelings the differences in past & present classroom education. Neurobiological basis for innovation in the design of learning environment

26. Comparing the Teacher’sDesk

27. Comparing the Student’s Desk

28. Comparing the Supplies

29. Comparing the Lessons

30. Experience • Mind-reading-the ability to put yourself in someone else’s shoes, to imagine the other person’s thoughts and feelings. • The function of second-order representation is to allow the brain to manipulate truth in an infinite number of ways, to explore possible rather than real states of affairs. Baron-Cohen, 2007 • Empathic listening makes room for the Other and decentralizes the ego-self. Giving each person a voice is what builds community and makes art socially responsive. Interaction becomes the medium of expression, an empathetic way of seeing through another’s eyes.” Gablik, 1995