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Life Tables

5. Life Tables. Life table Describe the health and longevity of an entire nation Identify the death rates experienced by a population over a given period of time

melinda-webster
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Life Tables

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  1. 5 Life Tables

  2. Life table Describe the health and longevity of an entire nation Identify the death rates experienced by a population over a given period of time Applications – mortality of a particular population, to make international comparisons, to compute insurance premiums and annuities, and to predict survival Rate – usually a group of 100,000 persons Table 5.1 Abridged life table for the total population, U.S. 1992Abridged means ‘to make shorter’ Chapter5 p97

  3. Table 5.1 Abridged life table for the total population, U.S. 1992 1D0= 0.0085*100000 = 851  L1= 100000 – 851 = 99149 nDx = Lx * nQx 4D1 = 99149 * 0.00172 = 171  L5 = 99149 – 171 = 98978 5D5 = 98978 * 0.00102 = 101  L10 = 98978 – 101 = 98877 Ln+x = Lx – nDx,

  4. Table 5.1 Abridged life table for the total population, U.S. 1992 nLx = 98978*4 = 395912  395912 + 171*4 = 396195 nLx the stationary population, as soon as one individual left an interval – either by dying or by growing older and entering the subsequent interval – his or her place would be taken by someone from the preceding age group

  5. Chapter5 p100

  6. Chapter5 p102

  7. Table 5.1 Abridged life table for the total population, U.S. 1992 column 6 nTx =total stationary population in the age interval x to x+n and all subsequent intervals. It is the total number of person-years lived beyond their xth birthday by the Lx individuals alive on that birthday. It is obtained by summing column 5 from the bottom; for example, T65 =381393 + 334799 + 275667 + 204369 + 206269 = 1402497

  8. Table 5.1 Abridged life table for the total population, U.S. 1992 Column 7 Ex= is the average number of years of life remaining for an individual who is alive at age x. It is calculated by dividing the total number of person-years lived beyond the xth birthday, Tx, by the number of individuals who survive to age x or beyond. Ex = Tx / Lx E1 = 7,577,757 / 100,000 = 75.8 E2 = 7478482 / 99149 = 75.4

  9. Applications of the life table Predict the chance that a person will live to a particular age x Example, the proportion of persons surviving until age 65, L65 / L0 = 80145 / 100000 = 0.80145 The probability that a 50-year-old will reach his or her 65th birthday is the number of persons alive on that birthday divided by the number alive on their 50th birthday, or L65 / L50 = 80145 / 92562 = 0.86585 This increase in probability – from 80.1% to 86.6% - is important to an individual calculating insurance rates. Chapter5 p106

  10. Making international comparisons In all countries, females have a greater life expectancy than males; there are only a few countries in the world for which the opposite is true. Chapter5 p106

  11. Chapter5 p97

  12. Death rates for all age groups have been decreasing in recent years. Individuals will live longer than expected and continued to pay premium throughout their lifetime, insurance companies using Ex to predict survival will end up increasing their profiles. Chapter5 p106

  13. Significant reductions in mortality have been made in the younger age groups. This is because of improvements in nutrition, housing and sanitation. Figure 5.4 age and sex-specific death rates per 1000 population, England and Wales, 1851 and 1951. Chapter5 p108

  14. +2.8 +1.6 +6.1 +4.5 +6.3 +8.4 The causes that tend to affect younger person, such as, accidents (+6.1) and tuberculosis (+4.5), the mean age of death shows greater improvement over the 15-year period than it does for causes that affect the elderly, such as cancer (+2.8). Chapter5 p97

  15. YPLL = years of potential life last Chapter5 p110

  16. Chapter5 p97

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