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How Do We Summarize/Communicate Data?

LA 10001 – SOS Version. LEC-01 Althoff. Statistics- Overview. How Do We Summarize/Communicate Data?. Observational vs. Experimental Studies. Observational: no controls (usually), trying to determine basics, learn patterns, trends, characteristics

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How Do We Summarize/Communicate Data?

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  1. LA 10001 – SOS Version LEC-01 Althoff Statistics- Overview How Do We Summarize/Communicate Data?

  2. Observational vs. Experimental Studies • Observational: no controls (usually), trying to determine basics, learn patterns, trends, characteristics • Experimental: control (usually), have basic knowledge of subject that enables one to “separate” into treatment groups

  3. Observational vs. Experimental Studies • Observational: generally summarize data using descriptive statistics • Experimental: determine if differences between treatments are “real” using inferential statistics

  4. Forest A a

  5. Tree Height in meters • 45 • 42 • 42 • 46 • 40 • 42 • 43 • 32 • 52 • 35 • 36 • 34 • 38 b

  6. Tree Height in meters • 45 • 42 • 42 • 46 • 40 • 42 • 43 • 32 • 52 • 35 • 36 • 34 • 38 • Mean = 40.5 c

  7. Tree Height in meters Low-to-high • 45 32 (8) • 42 34 (12) • 42 35 (10) • 46 36 (11) • 40 38 (13) • 42 40 (5) • 43 42 (2) • 32 42 (3) • 52 42 (6) • 35 43 (7) • 36 45 (1) • 34 46 (4) • 38 52 (9) • Mean = 40.5 • Median = 42 d

  8. Tree Height in meters Low-to-high • 4532 (8) • 42 34 (12) • 42 35 (10) • 46 36 (11) • 40 38 (13) • 42 40 (5) • 43 42 (2) • 32 42 (3) • 52 42 (6) • 35 43 (7) • 36 45 (1) • 34 46 (4) • 3852 (9) • Mean = 40.5 • Median = 42 • Min = 32 • Max = 52 • Range = 32 -52 • or 20 e

  9. Tree Height in meters • 45 • 42 • 42 • 46 • 40 • 42 • 43 • 32 • 52 • 35 • 36 • 34 • 38 • Variance ( ) = 30.6 • Standard deviation (S ) = 5.5 s2 SD f

  10. Forest A Descriptive Statistics • Mean = 40.5 • Median = 42 • Min = 32 • Max = 52 • Range = 32 – 52 or 20 • Variance ( ) = 30.6 • Standard deviation (S ) = 5.5 Measures of CENTRAL tendency Measures of VARIATION s2 SD g

  11. Forest B Forest A h

  12. Tree Height in meters • 53 • 34 • 32 • 51 • 33 • 38 • 38 • 32 • 52 • 35 • 56 • 34 • 38 Forest B Forest A MEAN 40.5 38 40.5 42 MEDIAN i

  13. Tree Height in meters • 53 • 34 • 32 • 51 • 33 • 38 • 38 • 32 • 52 • 35 • 56 • 34 • 38 Forest B Forest A MIN 32 52 32 – 52 or 20 32 56 32-56 or 24 MAX RANGE j

  14. Tree Height in meters • 53 • 34 • 32 • 51 • 33 • 38 • 38 • 32 • 52 • 35 • 56 • 34 • 38 Forest B Forest A Variance (s2) 81.1 9.0 30.6 5.5 Standard Deviation (s) k

  15. Forest B Forest A l

  16. In Summary: Descriptive Statistics • central tendency: mean (average) median mode • spread / variation: range variance standard deviation standard error

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