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The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

Ó×··È†‚¾Â̆Ï×··È†ÓÁ×·. From Genome Chips to Computer Chips. Bat Sheva Workshop Doron Lancet 10 October 2002. Doron Lancet, The Weizmann Institute. „¯ÂԆϾˆË¨†ÓÎÂÔ†ÂȈÓÔ†ÏÓ„Ú. The Department of Molecular Genetics. Ó¯ÎʆÏÁ˜¯†‚¾Â̆‰‡„̆ڢ׆˜¯‡ÂÔ.

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The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

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  1. Ó×··È†‚¾Â̆Ï×··È†ÓÁ×· From Genome Chips to Computer Chips Bat Sheva Workshop Doron Lancet 10 October 2002 Doron Lancet, The Weizmann Institute „¯ÂԆϾˆË¨†ÓÎÂÔ†ÂȈÓÔ†ÏÓ„Ú The Department of Molecular Genetics Ó¯ÎʆÏÁ˜¯†‚¾Â̆‰‡„̆ڢ׆˜¯‡ÂÔ And the Crown Human Genome Center The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

  2. Two types of genomes Sequential genome DNA: the order of bases is information Compositional genomes The count of objects is information Transcripts Proteins Ribosomes Mitochondria Golgi vesicles Centrioles…

  3. New Genes Genome annotation Metabolic networks Expression patterns Transcription control networks The era of compositional Genomes is here!

  4. A large-scale compositional genome technology Expression intensity for each gene in a genome Analysis of arrayed genes: the affymetrix photolithography DNA array technology

  5. Project 40: looking at 60,000 genes (Affymetrix set of 5 human chips, A,B,C,D,E) in 40 human tissues Distributions in different tissues are surprisingly similar! Different colors indicate different tissues

  6. Color indicates gene expression intensity Five different tissues Gene group with similar tissue vectors Project 40: Cluster analysis: Genes identified by compositional “tissue vectors” Unexpected relations uncovered by vector similarities

  7. An alternative to DNA/RNA For Life’s beginning: Prebiotic “compositional genomes” ? RNA/DNA worlds: Prebiotic naked sequential genomes “Lipid World”: Amphiphile assemblies

  8. Amphiphile assemblies have compositional information (n1 n2 n3 ….nk) Composition “vector” n = 3

  9. Homeostatic growth + splitting = compositional replication Random “passive” fission Growth with time-invariable concentrations Homeostatic growth may be mediated by mutually catalytic networks!

  10. Composomes The Graded Autocatalysis Replication Domain (GARD) model C1 C2 C3 C1 High similarity Low similarity Time autocorrelation Life-like properties in lipid assemblies: Variation, mutations, selection, evolution! Our Origin of Life web page: http://ool.weizmann.ac.il

  11. c Compositional Genomes – the wave of the future! Tissue level Species level Individual organism level Chromosomal cluster level Prebiotic level

  12. Panel: Naaman Kam Weizmann Institute Martin Kupiec Tel Aviv University Elisha Haas Bar Ilan Iniversity

  13. Some topics for discussion 1) The role and significance of in silico biology 2) The significance of large scale models 3) Is biological complexity unique, or just “more of..” 4) Emergent & global properties: 1+1 > 2 5) What can large scale methods (e.g. arrays) tell us 6) Redundancy and pleiotropy: a guiding biological principle? 7) The significance of probabalistic approaches 8) Abstraction methods in biology 9) Functional organization in biology: Shall we ever decipher?

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