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Myofascial Pain

Myofascial Pain. Myofascial Pain Syndrome: Definitions. Pain of a regional nature beginning within a specific trigger point within muscle/fascia Pain can refer

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Myofascial Pain

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  1. Myofascial Pain

  2. Myofascial Pain Syndrome: Definitions • Pain of a regional nature beginning within a specific trigger point within muscle/fascia • Pain can refer • Associated phenomena may include autonomic abnormalities: blanching, coldness, sweating, piloerection, erythema, hyperesthesia, and hyperalgesia locally or within the area of referred pain

  3. Myofascial Pain Syndrome: Definitions (cont.) • Active trigger point • Latent trigger point • Referred pain • Taut band • Jump sign • Twitch response

  4. Myofascial Pain Syndrome: Pathophysiology • Current pathophysiologic knowledge relies significantly on clinical examination • Histologic studies of trigger points have not been particularly helpful • Local ischemic factors due to prolonged muscle contraction may play a role in the development of the pain • Denervation supersensitivity has been suggested by some to be the cause

  5. Myofascial Pain Syndrome:Clinical Characteristics • Pain syndromes include low back pain, neck pain, extremity pain, headache, chest pain,rib pain • Impaired range of motion is common • Hyperalgesia as well as hyperesthesia are commonly observed • Knowledge of trigger point referral patterns is essential in the evaluation of a patient (eg, trigger points in the cervical spine often referring pain to the face and head)

  6. Myofascial Pain Syndrome: Treatment • Eliminate the trigger point • Trigger-point injections • Physical modalities • Biofeedback • Pharmacotherapy • Botulinum toxin

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