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China’s Communist Revolution 1946-1949. Political Changes under Mao. Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong) Chairman Mao – and leader of China – 1949-1976. Mao Zedong 毛泽东. Reasons for Mao/Communists’ Success. Mao won support of peasants Mao won support of women Mao’s army used guerilla war tactics
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Political Changes under Mao • Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong) • Chairman Mao –and leader of China – 1949-1976 Mao Zedong毛泽东
Reasons for Mao/Communists’ Success • Mao won support of peasants • Mao won support of women • Mao’s army used guerilla war tactics • Many saw the Nationalist government as corrupt • Many felt that the Nationalist allowed foreigners to dominate China
Geographical Changes • Communist China gained control over: PRC = People’s Republic of China (Communists) / ROC = Republic of China (Nationalists)
Economic Changes under Mao • First Five-Year Plan (1953-1957) • Advances in agriculture and coal, electricity, iron, and steel production • Second Five-Year Plan (1958-1962) • “Great Leap Forward” *Backward* • Leading industrial country • Communes • Widespread catastrophe – famine – at least 14,000,000 deaths Propaganda Poster for the Great Leap Forward
Foreign Relations • Russia (Soviet Union) and China are allies when Mao comes to power • Split begins between USSR and China due to a territorial disagreement. 1960 – end of Soviet economic aid • China supported Communist efforts in Korea and Vietnam (US Supported Democracy in both Wars)
Cultural Revolution (1966-1969) • “Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution” • Effort to revive interest in Mao’s ideas (and for Mao to regain power) • Call for youths to engage in post-revolutionary class warfare • Red Guards enforce equality