How did the Mexican War lead to the Civil War?

1. How did the Mexican War lead to the Civil War? Manifest Destiny • The fate of the US to expand & possess the entire continent • The Mexican Cession (land gained from the Mexican War) led to the debate over slavery.

2. Causes of the Civil War 1. The annexation of Texas 2. The Mexican War • forced the US to deal with the issue of slavery • Causes: - the annexation of Texas - dispute over the border between Mexico & Texas – Rio Grande River or the Nueces River?

3. Mexico refused to sell CA and NM • President Polk sent troops to the Rio Grande River which the Mexicans saw as an act of war

4. Results of the Mexican War • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the war • The Rio Grande River became the border between Mexico & Texas • The US gained CA and the entire southwest (the Mexican Cession)

5. Effects of the Mexican War • Americans began to move to CA in 1848 – the California Gold Rush • Reservations were set up for the Native Americans • The issue of slavery had to be dealt with. • Wilmot Proviso – forbid slavery in the land acquired from Mexico – never passed in Congress. • Compromise of 1850 – CA became a free state and slavery in the rest of the territory would be decided by the people – POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY!

6. 3. Compromise of 1850 4. Differences between the North & the South • Also included a Fugitive Slave Act which the Northerners hated because it forced them to return slaves or else! • Geography, economy, population, lifestyle

7. 5. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 6. Kansas-Nebraska Act • Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe that showed the evils of slavery and portrayed slaves are human beings. • Introduced by Senator Stephen Douglas in order to get a transcontinental railroad built • Slavery was to be decided by popular sovereignty • Further divided the N&S

8. 7. “Bleeding Kansas” 8. Dred Scott Case • N & S fought over who was going to claim Kansas • Led to the Free-Soilers Party • The Supreme Court ruled that Congress lacked the power to interfere with slavery – favored the slave owner not the slave

9. 9. John Brown’s Raid 10. Election of 1860 • Tried to start a slave rebellion • Northerners saw Brown as a martyr. • Lincoln, a Republican, won the election without receiving a single southern vote! • SC seceded, then 6 other southern states & formed the Confederate States of America with Jefferson Davis as their President.

10. How did the Civil War start? • With the firing on Ft. Sumter

11. Questions to Answer What is Manifest Destiny? What is the Mexican Cession? What was the major issue concerning the annexation of Texas? What is annexation? What was the border being disputed in the Mexican War? What action taken by President Polk provoked the Mexican War? What treaty ended the Mexican War and what did the US gain?

12. 7. What became a major issue after the Mexican War? • What was the Wilmot Proviso? • Which state became a free state under the Wilmot Proviso and how was slavery to be decided in the rest of the territory? • Which part of the Compromise of 1850 did Northerners resent the most but Southerners appreciated? • Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin, and how was it a cause of the Civil War?

13. 12. Why did Senator Stephen Douglas propose the Kansas-Nebraska Act? 13. How was slavery to be decided in the K-N Act? 14. What did the Supreme Court decide in the Dred Scott decision? 15. What did John Brown hope to achieve in his raid on Harpers Ferry? • Why were Southerners so upset by the Election of 1860? • How did the South respond to Lincoln becoming president in 1860? • What started the Civil War?