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1. Chapter Resources Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. glencoe.com Image Bank Foldables Chapter Summary Chapter Review Questions Standardized Test Practice

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3. Image Bank Click on individual thumbnail images to view larger versions.

4. Image Bank Transfer Images • To transfer images to your own power point follow the following steps: • Open the “Resource” file from the CD-ROM disc – view the file in the “normal view” or “slide sorter view” mode - go to slide #2 – from there you can click through the images and follow these instructions. Click once on the image. • Copy the image • Go to your own power point document • Paste the image.

5. Image Bank Nail

6. Image Bank Oxygen Tanks

7. Image Bank Glass of Water

8. Image Bank Scuba Diver

9. Image Bank Pressure in all Directions

10. Image Bank Atmospheric Pressure

11. Image Bank Barometer

12. Image Bank Buoyant Force

13. Image Bank Buoyant Force and Shape

14. Image Bank Cubes

15. Image Bank Floating and Density

16. Image Bank Boat and Cube

17. Image Bank Airplane Taking Off

18. Image Bank Pushing on a Fluid

19. Image Bank Hydraulic Systems

20. Image Bank Pressure in a Moving Fluid

21. Image Bank Chimneys and Bernoulli’s Principal

22. Image Bank Hurricane Damage

23. Image Bank Airplane Wing

24. Image Bank Airplane

25. Foldables Scientific Processes Make the following Foldable to help identify what you already know, what you want to know, and what you learned about science.

26. Foldables Fold one sheet of paper lengthwise.

27. Foldables Fold into thirds.

28. Foldables Unfold and draw overlapping ovals. Cut the top sheetalong the folds.

29. Foldables Label the ovals as shown.

30. Foldables Construct a Venn Diagram As you read the chapter, list the characteristics of liquids under the left tab, those characteristics of gases under the right tab, and those characteristics common to both under the middle tab.

31. Reviewing Main Ideas 1 Pressure • Pressure equals force divided by area. • Liquids and gases are fluids that flow. • Pressure increases with depth and decreases with elevation in a fluid. • The pressure exerted by a fluid on a surface is always perpendicular to the surface.

32. Reviewing Main Ideas 2 Why do objects float? • A buoyant force is an upward force exerted on all objects placed in a fluid. • The buoyant force depends on the shape of the object. • According to Archimedes’ principle, the buoyant force on the object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

33. Reviewing Main Ideas 2 Why do objects float? • An object floats when the buoyant force exerted by the fluid is equal to the object’s weight. • An object will float if it is less dense than the fluid it is placed in.

34. Reviewing Main Ideas 3 Doing Work with Fluids • Pascal’s principle stated that the pressure applied at any point to a confined fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid. • Bernoulli’s principle states that when the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases. • A wing provides lift by forcing air downward.

35. Chapter Review Question 1 Explain why a fire in your fireplace will smoke more strongly on a windy day.

36. Chapter Review Answer The wind causes the pressure outside the chimney to be less than the pressure inside the house, thus drawing the smoke up and out faster.

37. Chapter Review Question 2 Why does the cube in this illustration sink while the boat, which is larger, floats?

38. Chapter Review Answer The boat displaces more water because of its shape. Therefore the boat floats, but the cube sinks.

39. Chapter Review Question 3 Any object with a density greater than the fluid it’s placed in will _______. Answer The answer is sink. Conversely, any object with a density less than the fluid it’s placed in will float.

40. Chapter Review Question 4 A ship will float when its _______ is great enough to make its density less than the water’s. A. buoyant force B. mass C. pressure D. volume

41. Chapter Review Answer The answer is D. Anything less dense than water will float, no matter how massive it is.

42. Chapter Review Question 5 Suppose you put a toy boat in a bathtub and find that it floats. Next you put in a lead block that is the exact same size and shape as the toy boat, but solid throughout. Why won’t it float?

43. Chapter Review Answer The shape is only part of the reason. The lead block will sink because, though its volume would be the same as a floating boat’s, its density will be greater, and far greater than water’s density.

44. Standardized Test Practice Question 1 When you increase the surface area in contact with a fluid, you _______ the buoyant force on the object. A. decrease B. increase C. maintain D. negate

45. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is B. This is why a thin sheet of aluminum foil will float, but the same sheet balled up will sink.

46. Standardized Test Practice Question 2 During hurricanes or other high-wind events, windows in houses sometimes shatter _______. A. downward B. inward C. outward D. upward

47. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is C. Bernoulli’s principle states that pressure decreases with motion in a fluid. When the pressure inside the house is greater than the pressure outside, the windows may burst outward.

48. Standardized Test Practice Question 3 The first method for determining the buoyant force was discovered well over 2,000 years ago by a Greek man named ______. A. Archimedes B. Aristotle C. Aristophanes D. Arioso

49. Standardized Test Practice Answer The correct answer is A. This is why the principle is referred to as Archimedes principle.

50. Standardized Test Practice Question 4 Imagine you have a rock that weighs 1000 N with a volume of 10,000 cm3. You drop it into a tank and it sinks to the bottom. What is the exact volume of the water it displaces? A. 1,000 cm3 B. 10,000 cm3 C. 100,000 cm3 D. 1,000,000 cm3