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Argumentation-Persuasion

Argumentation-Persuasion. English 1301 LR-472. What is Argumentation?. The use of clear thinking and logic, the writer tries to convince readers of the soundness of a particular opinion on a controversial issue. What is Persuasion?.

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Argumentation-Persuasion

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  1. Argumentation-Persuasion English 1301 LR-472

  2. What is Argumentation? • The use of clear thinking and logic, the writer tries to convince readers of the soundness of a particular opinion on a controversial issue.

  3. What is Persuasion? • Using emotional language and dramatic appeals to readers’ concerns, beliefs, and values. • Encourages reader to commit themselves to a course of action.

  4. Argumentation & Persuasion People respond rationally and emotionally to situations, therefore • Argumentation and persuasion are combined.

  5. When Argument and Persuasion Blend … • Emotion supports rather than replaces logic and sound reasoning.

  6. Argumentation-Persuasion and Purpose Writing can be a • Causal analysis • Descriptive piece • Narrative • Definition

  7. More than just a Point of View • Assumes controversy • Addresses opposing viewpoints

  8. According to ancient Greeks ... There are three factors crucial to the effectiveness of argumentation-persuasion: • Logos • Pathos • Ethos

  9. Logos Main concern in essay. The soundness of the argument: • The facts • Statistics • Examples

  10. Logos continued … Authoritative statements • Unified • Specific • Adequate • Accurate • Representative

  11. Pathos Appeals to readers’ • Needs • Values • Attitudes • Encouraging them to commit Advertising & Propaganda rely on pathos to the exclusion of logic.

  12. Ethos Credibility and Integrity • Share experiences • Present a logical, reasoned argument that takes into account the opposing point of view. • Make sure emotions and appeals are not excessive. • Overwrought emotionalism undercuts credibility. Ethos IS NOT constant.

  13. Logos, Pathos, Ethos • Involve an interplay of all three. • Balance is determined bytheaudience. Audience will fall into three broad categories: • Supportive • Wavering • Hostile

  14. The Audience Supportive • Don’t need highly reasoned argument • Solidify support (logos). • Can rely on pathos.

  15. The Audience continued … A Wavering Audience • Open, but not committed. • Concentrate on ethos and logos

  16. The Audience continued … A hostile Audience • An apathetic, skeptical, or hostile audience is the most difficult to convince. • Avoid emotional appeals • Use logical reasoning and hard-to-dispute facts (logos).

  17. Begin • Identify the controversy surrounding the issue and state your position in the thesis. • Provide readers with strong support for the thesis. • Seek to create good will. • Organize the supporting evidence. • Use Rogerian strategy to acknowledge differing viewpoints. (Seek out and acknowledge conflict viewpoints.)

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