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The Politics of Slavery SG #3, 4

The Politics of Slavery SG #3, 4. The beginnings of the political discussion on slavery. Southern slave supporters passed a series of gag rules after northerners submitted anti-slave petitions. Strengthened southern state’s rights philosophy with reaction to tariff nullification crisis.

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The Politics of Slavery SG #3, 4

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  1. The Politics of Slavery SG #3, 4

  2. The beginnings of the political discussion on slavery

  3. Southern slave supporters passed a series of gag rules after northerners submitted anti-slave petitions Strengthened southern state’s rights philosophy with reaction to tariff nullification crisis

  4. Minor political party created after a separation from William Lloyd Garrison

  5. Post Jackson Politics 1840 election John Tyler: Whig or…. Turns Democrat William Henry Harrison: Dies after one month Virginia planter, pro-state’s rights, supporter of Texas annexation and slavery

  6. Whigs picked Henry Clay to run again Anti-Slavery Van Buren sought Dems. nomination, Polk selected as dark horse No magic for the Great Compromiser: Birney took votes away from free soil Whigs As a result: James K. Polk (D) was elected Texas annexation announced by Tyler, passed on 1st day of Polk’s presidency

  7. Polk: Mr. Manifest Destiny • A Slavocracy? • Polk: Tennessee slaveholder, bought more during his presidency. • Added Oregon to America • Mr. Polk’s War: Mexican-American War led to Mexican Cession (CA, UT, NV, Part of CO, AZ and NM) • Rejected Wilmot Proviso (banning slavery in Mexico territory), advocated extending Missouri Comp line to Pacific • Gadsden Purchase and wanted purchase of Cuba

  8. Most of Mexican Cession below Missouri Comp. line Gadsden Purch. made to make southern transcont. RR route-strengthening southern economy

  9. http://vimeo.com/10734221

  10. Free Soil Ideology Free Soil supporters claimed that the South was stagnating, rejecting values of progress and individualism and threatening democracy THEY FEARED OF A NATION OF SLAVEHOLDERS! A SLAVOCRACY! Free Soil-ites advocated not for abolitionism necessarily, but a limit on spread of slavery Ideology split Whigs, helped form the Republican Party

  11. Election of 1848 Lewis Cass (D), pro-slavery advocate Zachary Taylor (W), war hero, no political experience Martin Van Buren runs for the Free Soil Party, supporting limit on spread of slavery

  12. The Mexican Cession-Result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

  13. Events of the 1850’s SG #5,6

  14. -Mexican Cession and California statehood threatens Union, southerners threaten secession. -Politics dominated by Clay, Webster, and Calhoun one more time: What to do? -Taylor threatens veto of the 1850 Compromise Bill but…. dies after gastroenteritis: he ate milk, cherries and pickles at a 4th of July picnic Stephen Douglas separates the Bill into 5 Bills, Millard Fillmore becomes president, supports 1850 Compromise 1850 Compromise passes as five separate bills: 1. California admitted as free state 2. Slave trade abolished in D.C. 3. Utah and New Mexico admitted with pop sov 4. Fugitive Slave Law passed 5. Texas gave up land to NM and Arizona

  15. 1852 Election: Calm before the Storm Democrat candidate: Franklin Pierce from NH Whigs dump Fillmore, nominate Gen. Winfield Scott Scott runs as anti-slavery Whig, loses pro-slavery Whig support, splits party and loses election President Franklin Pierce: -Doughface: Northerner with southern sympathies -Young America movement: Supported Ostend Manifesto: seize Cuba -Kansas/Nebraska Act, Bloody Kansas sinks his presidency

  16. Kansas Nebraska Act 1854 • Stephen Douglas promotes northern route for transcont RR • Southerners accept popular sov. for both Nebraska and Kansas • Nebraska goes for free soil The Storm arrives! Northern Whigs, Free-Soilers and Northern Democrats hate the K/N Act. It destroys the sacred Missouri Compromise!

  17. Bleeding Kansas Kansas implodes into violence as Missouri ruffians and pro slavery-ites invade Republican Party is born-Northern Whigs and Dems and Free-Soilers Sacking of free-town Lawrence, KS May 22, 1856 Border ruffians from Missouri

  18. John Brown in Kansas and in West Virginia -John Brown depicted as the savior of African Americans in the US

  19. May 22, 1856: The caning of Charles Sumner (MA) by Preston Brooks (SC) -Sumner had attacked the Fugitive Slave Law, Stephen Douglas, Comp of 1850 and Brook’s uncle Andrew Butler from SC

  20. 1856: James Buchanan defeats John C. Fremont, Millard Fillmore helps as Know-Nothing candidate draining Republican votes from Fremont Buchanan: utterly helpless as president, promises in inaugural to not run again: Help!: Dred Scott Case, Lecompton Constitution, L-D Debates, Harper’s Ferry all blow up his presidency

  21. Dred Scott: May 1857, the worst case in Supreme Court history? -SCCJ Taney, former slaveholder, rules: -Scott has no rights as a citizen -Fed govt had no right to enact Comp of 1820 therefore slavery is legal everywhere! Fall of 1858: Lincoln-Douglas Debates in Illinois Nation is captured by Illinois senate race and discussion about slavery-Douglas wins, but Lincoln makes a name for himself

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