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Manure management facilities on farms and their relevance to efficient nutrient use

Manure management facilities on farms and their relevance to efficient nutrient use. Bernard Hyde & Owen, T. Carton Teagasc, Johnstown Castle The Fertilizer Association of Ireland Winter Scientific Meeting 25 th November 2005 Faculty of Agriculture, University College Dublin. Manure.

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Manure management facilities on farms and their relevance to efficient nutrient use

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  1. Manure management facilities on farms and their relevance to efficient nutrient use Bernard Hyde & Owen, T. Carton Teagasc, Johnstown Castle The Fertilizer Association of Ireland Winter Scientific Meeting 25th November 2005 Faculty of Agriculture, University College Dublin

  2. Manure • 2003 - 6.3 million animals = 37 million tonnes • Slurry = 29.3 million tonnes • Solid = 7.7 million tonnes • Dairy cows ~ 28% of slurry & ~ 7% of solid manure

  3. Topic – facilities & utilisation • Manure management facilities • Storage • Spreading date • Spreading method • Nutrient efficiency • Manure type • N, P & K • Cost vs. nutrient value

  4. Requirements for efficient nutrient use • NMP • Changing slurry spreading date • Changing slurry spreading method • Storage vs. spreading date? • Cost benefit?

  5. Efficient manure nutrient use

  6. NMP • Soil • Manure • Crop demand • Code of Practice • Rate • Date • Method

  7. Current utilisation? • Indicators? • FUS (2002 & 2005) • Indications of N, P & K overuse • Fert. input = Fert. required • Slurry? • Farm Facilities Survey (2003) – crop & timing of application

  8. Topic – facilities & utilisation • Manure management facilities • Storage • Spreading date • Spreading method

  9. Timing of slurry application & % of total

  10. Timing of slurry application & % of total

  11. Timing of slurry application & % of total

  12. Timing of slurry application ?

  13. Timing of slurry application WHY ? ?

  14. Efficient manure nutrient use

  15. Efficient manure nutrient use

  16. Efficient manure nutrient use

  17. Storage • Spreading date – 4% in winter • Estimated storage deficits – national basis • 21% for 16 week storage • 31% for 22 week storage • Action Programme • Ban on winter spreading • Required minimum slurry storage • Reconcile deficit and date?

  18. Landspreading - N efficiency • N efficiency – key issue • Spreading date & rate • Soil/weather conditions • Contamination • Spreading date • Spreader availability • Farmer owned • Contractor

  19. Slurry spreading opportunitiesDistribution of the number of days on which soils have a soil moisture deficit in excess of 10 mm. (Schulte et al., in press)

  20. Silage contamination ? • End March/early April • Crop – too far advanced • Risk of poor fermentation

  21. Spreader availability • C.S.O. – Census of Ag. 2000 • 124, 108 livestock farms (< 5 to >= 100 ha) • 72, 368 livestock farms (20 to >= 100 ha) • 31, 046 farms own or share slurry tankers • 35, 281 farms hire or borrow slurry tankers • Farm Facilities Survey

  22. Farm Fragmentation 27% consist of 1 holding 31% have 4 + fragments

  23. Farm Fragmentation – distance (km) Farm Fragmentation Fragment Distance

  24. Topic – facilities & utilisation • Nutrient efficiency

  25. Nutrient availability * Dry matter content varies widely and this determines the nutrient contents

  26. N availability in slurry (Ammonium – N) Organic - N Inorganic - N

  27. Spring NH3 Crop available NH3 Ammonium - N Summer

  28. Fertiliser N for silage compared to slurry N

  29. Fertiliser N for silage compared to slurry N ?

  30. Current utilisation vs. available N • Spreading method • Spreading date • Soil/weather conditions

  31. =

  32. = =

  33. NH3 = =

  34. NH3 = NH3 NH3 NH3 =

  35. Efficient manure nutrient use

  36. Advantages of trailing shoe application • NH3 emission reduced • Recovery of total N ~ 40 - 50% • Slurry can be applied to taller crops • Slurry applied to soil surface – contamination ? • Increased opportunity for spring application • Heavier soils in wetter areas • Teagasc research

  37. Fertiliser N for silage compared to slurry N ?

  38. Organic N • Inorganic/organic = 50/50 • Organic material/solid fraction • Currently not considered as a reliable N source • Mineralization • 60 kg N/ha (33t/ha) for slurry • Teagasc research

  39. Topic – facilities & utilisation • Cost vs. nutrient value

  40. Economic value of slurry N (€ million)

  41. Economic value of slurry N (€ million) 88% 44% 22% 6%

  42. Economic value of slurry N (€ million) € 67.2

  43. Economic value of slurry N (€ million) € 67.2 € 3.8

  44. Economic value of slurry N (€ million) € 67.2 € 14.8 € 3.8

  45. Economic value of slurry N (€ million) € 67.2 € 29.5 € 14.8 € 3.8

  46. Economic value of slurry N (€ million) € 67.2 € 59.1 € 29.5 € 14.8 € 3.8

  47. Economic value (million €) of slurry

  48. Economic value (million €) of slurry € 83.9 million

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