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Accident Investigation

Accident Investigation . Prof Ir. Dr. Radin Umar radinumx@eng.upm.edu.my. Road Safety Facts. More than 800,000 World Fatalities/year 6,000 Deaths in Malaysia per year (20 Jumbo Jets Crashed/year). The Turning Point. Karak’s Accident. Actual Deaths. Earlier Safety Target in Malaysia.

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Accident Investigation

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  1. Accident Investigation Prof Ir. Dr. Radin Umar radinumx@eng.upm.edu.my

  2. Road Safety Facts • More than 800,000 World Fatalities/year • 6,000 Deaths in Malaysia per year (20 Jumbo Jets Crashed/year)

  3. The Turning Point Karak’s Accident Actual Deaths

  4. Earlier Safety Target in Malaysia Karak’s Accident 4950

  5. Earlier Safety Target in Malaysia 4950

  6. Fatality Model and Safety Target in Malaysia

  7. Predictive Model of yearly Traffic Deaths (Law and Radin 2000) Original Trend New Trend

  8. Fatalities per 10,000 Vehicles Year 2010 Target

  9. Nature of the Problems • 51% registered vehicles are Motorcycles (Work-Based Trip) • 45% Accident Involvements • 60% of the Fatalities • Fatality Risk MCs is 17X higher than Car Occupants

  10. Faktor Kemalangan • Manusia • Kenderaan • Persekitaran 67% 8% 24%

  11. Accident Prevention and Reduction 71.5% Injury Control 25.3% Post Injury Initiatives 3.2% Deaths time following an accident

  12. Safety Planning Matrix in Malaysia Pre-Crash Crash Post-Crash Education Campaign Enforcement Compliance of safety devices Skills of paramedics Human Vehicle inspection Crash compatibility Vehicle standards Vehicle and rider safety features (air bags, occupant restraints, children helmet, etc.) Vehicle Ease of Evacuation Better rescue tools Road Engineering programs Safer road furniture Rehabilitation centre Environment

  13. Approach and Strategies • Accident Prevention (Audit) • Accident Reduction • Engineering(Blackspot) • Education • Enforcement • Injury Control • Post Injury Control

  14. Crash Hospital Police Station Mortality Morbidity 24-hours Police Report Mortuary A & E POL 27 Ward Record Department MAAP 5 Source of Data

  15. Digital POL 27 - Page 13

  16. Injury Scale Simple numerical method for ranking and comparing injury by severity AIS Code Severity Description 1 Minor 2 Moderate 3 Severe, not life threatening 4 Severe, life threatening 5 Critical, survival uncertain 6 Maximum, currently untreatable

  17. Abrasion 28.0% Integumentary 47.4% Laceration 15.8% Contusion 5.6% Skeletal 35.9% Limbs Organ 4.4% Injury Pattern

  18. Tan  = 72 / 154, therefore  =25.05 CDC of 05BDAW9

  19. Reconstruction of the Accident

  20. RoadSafetyInitiativesinMalaysia Accident Prevention Program

  21. Accident Prevention Program • Five stages Road Safety Audits • Planning stage • Preliminary design stage • Detailed design stage • Construction and pre-opening stage • Post Opening stage

  22. Road Safety Initiatives in Malaysia Accident Reduction Strategies

  23. Road Safety Research Center Accident Reduction Strategies • New Road Transport Act (1999) • February 2000 – New act implemented • Sections 41,42,43 and 44 RTA-Higher penalties – mandatory imprisonment, withdrawing driving license and higher fines • Imposed on those found guilty in fatal and injury accidents following litigation

  24. Accident Reduction Strategies • Blackspot Programs • Areawide Measures • Route-based Measures • Mass ActionPlan

  25. Diagnostic Framework Accident Approach POL 27 Geographical Data Exposure Data Data MAAP5 Digitized/ Scanned Location Code Computerization Special Code Accident Map Link, Node, Cell & KM Post Cross Tabulation Macro Analysis Micro Blackspot Investigation, Analysis and Site Studies Analysis Target Road Users Modeling Blackspot Treatments Safety Interventions Evaluation “Before” & “After” Study Statistical Modeling Intervention Model

  26. Step 1: Data Recording Accident POL 27

  27. POL27 Page 1

  28. POL 27 Page 2

  29. POL 27 Page 3

  30. MAAP GIS Step 2: Computerization of Data • Good Data • Easy Access • Accurate • Up to date • IT

  31. Step 3: Location ID Codes Accident POL 27 Coding for Node / Link/Cell/Km/Coordinates

  32. National Node-Link System Established (1:50,000)

  33. Node yang ditanda pada Peta Jalan JKR

  34. Step 4: Retrieval System Accident POL 27 Coding for Node / Link Update in MAAP5

  35. Retrieval System MAAP Accident Sketch /Map/Photos POL 27 Key in Scanned Database Key field Scanned images Linking MAAP Data Complete Data

  36. Step 5: Prioritizing/Ranking Accident POL 27 MAAP Ranking Worst Link Worst Node Worst KM Worst Cell Worst Coordinate

  37. Frequency of Accident Blackspot in Shah Alam

  38. Ranking by Frequency Nodal Analysis on the Top Ten Blackspot in Seremban (1991 - 1993)

  39. Step 5: Prioritizing/Ranking Accident POL 27 MAAP Prioritise Statistical Points Cost Frequency Rates

  40. Ranking By Point Accident Blackspot in Seremban (1991 -1993)

  41. Ranking By Cost Accident Blackspot in Seremban (1991 - 1993)

  42. Step 6: Preliminary Accident Investigation • •Listing of accident keyfields • •Searching and compilation of individual accident record • •Production of Stick diagrams • •Site survey and inventory • •Production of location sketch • •Production of collision diagrams

  43. Step 6: Preliminary Accident Investigation • •Listing of accident keyfields

  44. Listing of accident • keyfield

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