1 / 17

Vocabulary

Vocabulary. Periods Groups Metals Non-metals Metalloids. Periodic Law. The Periodic Law states that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties. Periods.

mercer
Download Presentation

Vocabulary

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Vocabulary • Periods • Groups • Metals • Non-metals • Metalloids

  2. Periodic Law • The Periodic Law states that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.

  3. Periods • The horizontal rows of the periodic table (1-7) • Tell us how many or the highest energy level an elements electrons exist in • All elements in a period are in order by atomic number, increasing from left to right

  4. Groups • The vertical columns of the periodic table (1-18) • All elements in a group have the same number of valence electrons • All the elements in a group have very similar chemical and physical properties

  5. Metals • Generally good conductors of heat and electric current • High luster (shiny) • Malleable and ductile • Most elements are metals – 80%

  6. Non-metals • Poor conductors of heat and electricity • Vary in properties, most are gases, some are liquids and solids • Solid forms are dull and brittle

  7. metalloids • Share properties of both metals and nonmetals • Ex: May be a good conductor but brittle

  8. Representative Elements • Found in groups 1 - 2 and groups 13 – 18 • Wide variety of properties that represent the table as a whole • Represent each category of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids • Represent each state of matter solids, liquids and gasses • 1A • 2 • 2A 1314 15 16 17 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A

  9. Transition metals • Groups 3 - 12 (middle of the periodic table) • These metals are solid at room temperature (except for Mercury)

  10. Inner transition metals • Found underneath the periodic table • Lanthanide series - period 6 • Actinide series - period 7 • These metals are solid at room temperature Inner Transition Metals

  11. Alkali Metals • Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr • Group 1 (1A) – excluding Hydrogen • 1valence electron • Very unstable and highly reactive • Extremely soft metals • All have low densities, melting and boiling points.

  12. Alkaline Earth Metals • Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra • Group 2 (2A) • 2 valence electrons • Very reactive • Bond and lose 2 electrons

  13. Halogens • F, Cl, Br, I, At • Group 17 (7A) • 7 valence electrons • Bond and gain 1 more electron to make their outer energy level full. • A halogens bond with alkali metals to form a salt

  14. Noble Gasses • He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn • Group 18 (8A) • 8 valence electrons • Most stable of the elements (non-reactive) • Outermost energy level or shell is full, so they do not naturally bond with other elements • Share properties like high densities, high melting points, colorless, odorless, and tasteless

  15. Lanthanide Series • “Rare-Earth elements” • Found on the top row of the inner transition metals • Named from element Lanthanum (La) atomic number 57 - common properties

  16. Actinide Series • Radioactive metals • Found on the bottom row of the inner transition metals • Named after the element Actinium (Ac) atomic number 89 - common properties

  17. Semester Exam • If you have a year to date grade average at or above 85% you may choose to exempt out of the semester exam and have your Semester Exam Study Guide count as your test score

More Related