Who is on a Hot Streak?

1. Who is on a Hot Streak? • Boiling Boys • or • Globally Warming Girls

2. Question 1 • 1. Where does most of the energy on Earth come from? • a. Earth’s interior • b. Earth’s moon • c. the sun • d. distant stars

3. Answer 1 • 1. Where does most of the energy on Earth come from? • a. Earth’s interior • b. Earth’s moon • c. the sun • d. distant stars

4. Question 2 • 2. What causes convection currents in the air? • a. precipitation • b. evaporation • c. uneven heating of Earth’s surface • d. uniform heating of Earth’s land and water

5. Answer 2 • 2. What causes convection currents in the air? • a. precipitation • b. evaporation • c. uneven heating of Earth’s surface • d. uniform heating of Earth’s land and water

6. Question 3 • 3. Nearly all of the heat in Earth’s atmosphere and oceans is distributed by • a. radiation. • b. evaporation. • c. conduction. • d. convection.

7. Answer 3 • 3. Nearly all of the heat in Earth’s atmosphere and oceans is distributed by • a. radiation. • b. evaporation. • c. conduction. • d. convection.

8. Question 4 • 4. Which of the following has the greatest effect on weather patterns? • a. the water cycle • b. the nitrogen cycle • c. the carbon cycle • d. the oxygen cycle

9. Answer 4 • 4. Which of the following has the greatest effect on weather patterns? • a. the water cycle • b. the nitrogen cycle • c. the carbon cycle • d. the oxygen cycle

10. Question 5 • 5. What are the 4 main factors that influence temperature on Earth?

11. Answer 5 • 5. latitude, altitude, distance from large bodies of water and ocean currents.

12. Question 6 • 6. What is it difficult or impossible to use tree rings to determine past climate conditions in the tropics?

13. Answer 6 • 6. Because the tropics have no distinct growing season so the trees in the tropics don’t have tree rings.

14. Question 7 • Describe the tropics using latitude.

15. Answer #7 • The Tropics are between 23.5°north latitude and 23.5°south latitude.

16. Question #8 • 8. What is the term used to describe a small area with climate conditions that differ from those around it?

17. Answer 8 • 8. Microclimate

18. Question #9 • What are the latitude boundaries for the temperate zones on our planet?

19. Answer 9 • 9. Between 23.5°North latitude and 66.5°North latitude and • Between 23.5° south latitude and 66.5° south latitude.

20. Question #10 • 10. What are the latitude boundaries of the polar zones?

21. Answer 10 • 10. Between 66.5° N latitude and 90° N latitude and • Between 66.5° S latitude and 90° S latitude. • *

22. World Temperature Zones • Based on latitude, Earth’s surface can be divided into a tropical zone, two temperate zones, and two polar zones.

23. Question #11 • 11. What effect do oceans have on climate?

24. Answer 11 • 11. Oceans moderate the climate of nearby areas, since oceans can’t heat up or cool down as fast as land.

25. Question 12 • 12. What is the name of the best-known warm-water ocean current in the Atlantic Ocean?

26. Answer 12 • 12. The Gulf Stream.

27. Question #13 • 13. What are the 3 main factors affecting precipitation?

28. Answer 13 • 13. Prevailing winds, the presence of mountains, and seasonal winds.

29. Question 14 • 14. Which side of a mountain gets more rain and which side gets less rain? (Use the key terms in the book for your answer.)

30. Answer 14 • 14. The windward side gets more precipitation and the leeward side gets less precipitation. • *

31. Rain Shadow • A mountain range can form a barrier to the movement of air masses and influence where precipitation falls.

32. Question 15 • 15. What are the seasonal winds that occur in South and Southeast Asia called?

33. Answer 15 • In a summer monsoon, wind blows from the ocean onto land. In the winter, the monsoon reverses and blows from land to the ocean.

34. Question 16 • 16. What percent of a circle is 90°?

35. Light from the sun strikes Earth’s surface at different angles. An angle is made up of two lines that meet at a point. Angles are measured in degrees. A full circle has 360 degrees. When the sun is directly overhead near the equator, it is at an angle of 90º to Earth’s surface. A 90º angle is called a right angle. What percentage of a circle is it? A 90º angle is 25% of a full circle. Answer 16

36. Question 17 • 17. What causes the seasons?

37. The Seasons • The seasons are caused by the tilt of Earth’s axis as Earth travels around the sun.

38. Question #18 • When is the longest and shortest day of the year? What are they called respectively?

39. Answer #18 • The longest day of the year is the summer solstice, which occurs June 21, and the shortest day of the year is December 21, and it is called the winter solstice.

40. 19-30 Are True or False If False, Explain • 19. Surface currents, which are mainly driven by winds, aren’t important because they only extend to a depth of 2-3 meters.

41. Answer 19 • False. Surface currents, which affect water to a depth of several hundred meters, are driven mainly by winds and are important.

42. Question 20 • 20. Deep currents travel from the equator to the poles bringing nutrients to Arctic Life.

43. Deep Currents • Deep currents are caused by differences in the density of ocean water and travel from the poles to the equator.

44. Question 21 • Upwelling is the movement of cold water upward from the deep ocean bringing up nutrients from the deeper layers of the ocean.

45. Answer 21 • Upwelling brings up tiny ocean organisms, minerals, and other nutrients from the deeper layers of the water. Without this motion, the surface waters of the open ocean would be very scarce in nutrients.

46. Question 22 • El Nino and La Nina are very similar in their effects on weather patterns near the Pacific Ocean because that is where they occur.

47. Answer 22 • False. El Nino is a warm water phenomenon that causes warmer winters near the Pacific while La Nina is a cold waer phenomenon that causes colder winters near the Pacific.

48. Question 23 • When combining these two graphs, what type of climate region does this graph represent?

49. Answer 23 • Tropical Wet-and-Dry because it has very little change in temperature, but it has distinct dry and rainy seasons.

50. Question 24 • What two major factors do scientists use to classify climates?