Arthropodes ( Ladybug)

1. Arthropodes(Ladybug) Christa Prats

2. What exactly is an arthropode? • Arthropods have segmented bodies and tough exoskeletons with jointed appendages • They have segmented bodies and show various patterns of segment fusion (tagmosis) to form integrated units (heads, abdomens, and so on). The phylum takes its name from its distinctive jointed appendages, which may be modified in a number of ways to form antennae, mouthparts, and reproductive organs.

3. Body Parts Arthropods are animalswith segmented bodies and six or more jointed legs. They are the largest animal group on Earth. All arthropods have jointed legs and a head and segmented body parts called the thorax and abdomen. An arthropod’s body is covered by a shell or a hard outer skin called an exoskeleton. It is made of a material called chitin. The exoskeleton has a special top layer, the cuticle, which is thick and tough. In crustaceans, the exoskeleton is sometimes called the carapace and hides the segmented body parts

4. Respiration • Arthropods get oxygen using one of three structures—gills, tracheal tubes, or book lungs • Tracheal tubes - tubules that carry oxygen throughout the body

5. Feeding andDigestion • Arthropods can be herbivores, carnivores, filter feeders, omnivores, or parasites • Mouthparts with mandibles (for biting and chewing) • Digestive system with mouth, a gut, an anus, and glands that make digestive enzymes

6. Reproduction • With few exceptions, the sexes are separate in arthropods; there are both male and female individuals. The paired sex organs, or gonads, of each sex are connected directly to ducts that open onto the ventral surface of the trunk, the precise location depending upon the arthropod group.