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XML:Managing data exchange

XML:Managing data exchange. Central problems of data management. Capture Storage Retrieval Exchange. EDI. Electronic exchange of standard documents In use for some 20 years Standards ANSI X.12 (US and Canada) EDIFACT (International). EDI: Advantages.

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XML:Managing data exchange

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  1. XML:Managing data exchange

  2. Central problems of data management • Capture • Storage • Retrieval • Exchange

  3. EDI • Electronic exchange of standard documents • In use for some 20 years • Standards • ANSI X.12 (US and Canada) • EDIFACT (International)

  4. EDI: Advantages • Paper handling is reduced, saving time and money • Data can be exchanged in real time • There are fewer errors since data are keyed only once • Enhanced data sharing enables greater coordination of activities between business partners • Money flows are accelerated and payments received sooner

  5. EDI: Adoption • Much information flow is still on paper • Electronic exchange is the exception rather than the rule • The Internet is a lower cost solution than EDI using value added networks (VANs)

  6. SGML • Document management consumes • 15% of company revenue • 25% of labor costs • 10 - 60% of an office worker’s time • Standard generalized markup language (SGML) was designed to reduce the cost of document management

  7. Markup language • Embedded information within text about the meaning of the text <cdliner>This uniquely creative collaboration between Miles Davis and Gil Evans has already resulted in two extraordinary albums—<cdtitle>Miles Ahead</cdtitle><cdid>CL 1041></cdid> and <cdtitle>Porgy and Bess</cdtitle><cdid>CL 1274</cdid>.</cdliner>

  8. SGML • A vendor independent standard for publication of all media • Cross system • Portable • Defines the structure of a document • The parent of HTML and XML

  9. SGML: Advantages • Re-use • Same advantage as with word processing • Flexibility • Generate output for multiple media • Revision • Version control

  10. SGML code <chapter> <no>16</no> <title>XML: Managing Data Exchange</title> <section> <quote><emph type = "2">Words can have no single fixed meaning. Like wayward electrons, they can spin away from their initial orbit and enter a wider magnetic field. No one owns them or has a proprietary right to dictate how they will be used.</emph></quote> … </section> … </chapter>

  11. HTML code <html> <body> <h1><b>16</b></h1> <h1><b>XML: Managing Data Exchange</b></h1> <p> <i>Words can have no single fixed meaning. Like wayward electrons, they can spin away from their initial orbit and enter a wider magnetic field. No one owns them or has a proprietary right to dictate how they will be used.</i> </p> </body> </html>

  12. The problem with HTML • Presentation not meaning • Reader has to infer meaning • Machines are not very good at inferring meaning

  13. XML • Extensible markup language • SGML for e- and m-commerce • A meta-language • A language to generate languages • Will steadily replace HTML

  14. Structured text User-definable structure Context-sensitive retrieval Greater hypertext linkage Formatted text Pre-defined format Limited retrieval Limited hypertext linking XML vs. HTML

  15. XML rules • Elements must have both an opening and closing tag • Elements must follow a strict hierarchy with only one root element • Elements may not overlap other elements • Element names must obey XML naming conventions • XML is case sensitive

  16. HTML vs. XML

  17. Processing shift • From server to browser • Browser can ‘read’ meaning of the data • Less data transmitted

  18. Searching • Search engines look for appropriate tags in the XML code • Faster • More precise

  19. Expected gains • Store once and format many times • Hardware and software independence • Capture once and exchange many times • Accelerated targeted searching • Less network congestion

  20. Conclusion • XML is a significant technological development • Its main purpose is to support data exchange • It will lower the cost of business transactions • It will be a critical data management technology

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