Individual + Team Activities

1. Individual + Team Activities An individual activity is performed by one person, e.g. In your jotter list 4 more individual activities A team activity involves you working with other people, e.g. In your jotter list 4 more team activities

2. Competitive and Non Activities A competitive activity is a contest involving 2 or more rivals, each rival tries to win. E.g. In your jotter list 4 more competitive activities A non-competitive activity involves performers who take part for self satisfaction, e.g. fitness, enjoyment, health.E.g. In your jotter list 4 more non-competitive activities

3. Direct and Indirect Activities Contests are either directly competitive or indirectly competitive Directly competitive means that you have a direct influence or bearing on what your opponent does and vice versa e.g. In your jotter list 4 more directly competitive activities Indirectly competitive means that your performance does not affect the performance of your opponent and vice versa e.g. In your jotter list 4 more indirectly competitive activities

4. Participation in Sport Participation in sporting activities can be influenced by many different factors. Factors such as age, money, weather, facilities and disability can affect participation levels in certain sporting activities. In your jotter explain how money can help or reduce participation in golf In your jotter explain how weather can affect participation in skiing In your jotter explain how facilities can affect participation in tennis In your jotter explain how disability can affect participation in basketball In your jotter explain how age may affect participation in gymnastics

5. Participation in Sport There are many reasons why people participate in sporting activities. They can be Physical, Health, Personal or Social Write these reasons in your jotter, leaving a space beside each one “I enjoy getting our and meeting new people” Social “I like the thrill of competing against myself” Personal “Regular exercise is good for me” Health “Jogging improves my endurance” Physical Write down which category the above reasons fall into.

6. Different Roles There are many different roles as well as “performer”. These include Referee Umpire Linesperson Supporters Starter Team mate Physiotherapist Timekeeper Attacker Defender For each role pictured choose an activity and describe what that role involves.

7. Personal and Physical Qualities Both playing and non playing roles require different qualities Activity – Rugby Role - Player Personal Quality – Aggressive. Rugby players must be able to take charge and force results. Physical Quality – Strong. Rugby players must be able to push opponents off the ball and shrug off tackles. Activity – Football Role - Referee Personal Quality – Fair. Referee’s must be able to make decisions which are not bias towards one team or player. Physical Quality – Fit. Referees must be able to run around for 90 minutes to keep up with play. In your jotter write 2 more examples for playing roles In your jotter write 2 more examples for non-playing roles

8. Safety in Activities Being safe in an activity is important. Some sports equipment is designed to keep people safe. In some activities you must wear certain items for safety, e.g. In your jotter select 1 more activity which you must wear protective clothing and a reason for each. In some activities safety equipment is only recommended, e.g. In your jotter select 1 more activity which safety equipment is only recommended. Many rules have been incorporated into activities to keep players safe. In your jotter select 3 different activities and a rule in each which helps to keep everyone safe.

9. Equipment for Activities Many athletes and players use footwear or equipment which helps their performance. Performance can be improved in many ways. Reducing equipment/kit weight, but maintaining its power. E.g. In your jotter write down another example Improving grip or friction to improve a skill or speed. E.g. In your jotter write down another example Reducing friction therefore improving slide or glide. E.g. In your jotter write down another example

10. Rules - Written Rules are made to ensure that everyone has an equal chance of winning. In a long jump competition the jumper must take off before the board and land in the sand. If not then they are disqualified. In your jotter write down another example from a different activity where rules ensure everyone has an equal chance. Rules can also restrict movement within activities, and shape them. In Netball the GA and GS are the only 2 attacking players allowed within the semi circle. This means that other players must get the ball to them to score. It also prevents the semi circle from being crowded. In your jotter give another example of a shaping/restrictive rule.

11. Rules - Unwritten Unwritten rules (etiquette, code of conduct) give details of how an individual or team should behave. Performers who fail to follow the code are said to be unsporting. One example of good etiquette is swapping shirts with opposition Players after a game of football. In your jotter select 2 different activities and write an example of good etiquette from each. One example of bad etiquette is arguing with the referee/umpire. In your jotter select 2 different activities and write an example of an unwritten rule from each.

12. Scoring Systems Objective scoring is based on facts. E.g. Goals scored, distance jumped, height jumped, time, points. Subjective scoring is based on the opinion of someone. In your jotter write down the following activities. Decide whether the scoring system is subjective or objective. Write down how each activity is won. An example has been given for you. Objective Time Subjective Panel of judges SubjectivePanel of judges Objective Distance thrown Objective Games/Sets ObjectivePoints ObjectiveRuns SubjectivePanel of judges SubjectivePanel of judges ObjectiveTime

13. Tactics and Strategies In all competitive activities, individual and team the aim is to win. Before the activity begins, most competitors will have a “game plan” to win, during the activity your game plan can change. Tactics and strategies try to make the most of your strengths and take advantage of your opponents weaknesses. In cycling the tactic being used by the second placed rider is called “slipstreaming.” They are intentionally staying behind the leader using them as a windbreak. In your jotter write down another example of an activity which uses slipstreaming. In your jotter write down a tactic used in all racket games. In your jotter write down a tactic used in combat activities. E.g. Karate and Judo.

14. Tactics and Strategies In target activities like curling, players don’t always play to “hit the target.” A player can prevent an opponent from having a clear route by playing a short “blocker” on purpose. A player may also try to deliver a stone simply to knock the opponents away. In your jotter write down another example of an activity which uses similar tactics. In your jotter write down a tactic used in striking and fielding activities. In the invasion games attack and defence tactics are important. In your jotter describe what a man-to-man defence is, and give one reason why you may use it. In your jotter describe what a zone defence is, and give one reason why you may use it. In an activity you may have to change your starting tactic.Give a reason why.

15. Width and Depth A A A A Attacking with width spreads out the defence and more gaps are opened up in the defence. A defence which is marking a wide attack is less compact and therefore weaker. A A A A A Attacking with depth means that every player has many options when passing, right, left, diagonal, give and go, backwards etc.

16. Being Creative in Activities Performers can be creative in activities with both subjective and objective scoring systems. Write down in your jotter an example from each activity below of how you or your team mates could be creative.

17. Size and Shape Different body size and shape can occasionally help your performance. Endomorph. Stocky body; large And round; short thick neck; short arms and legs; lots of body fat. Mesomorph. Muscular body; strongly built; broad chest and shoulders; very muscular arms and legs little body fat. Ectomorph. Narrow body; wiry muscles; tall and thin; spindly legs and arms little body fat. In your jotter write down the following activities and the body shape which suits the Activity best. Give a reason for your answer. High Jumper Sprinter Sumo Wrestler

18. Adapting Activities Activities can be adapted in many ways and for different reasons. E.g. Adult versions of games can be changed to suit younger players making it easier for them to learn. Look at the pictures below and explain how and why the activity could be changed to suit a younger player. The key area of change has been identified. The playing area Net Height The rules Number of players The scoring system Length of game Equipment Number of touches

19. Adapting Activities Games can be played “small sided” instead of “full sided.” E.g. 5 a side football. In your jotter write down 2 advantages of playing with smaller sides. Numerical superiority means having more attackers than defenders or vice versa. In your jotter write down 2 advantages of numerical superiority when practising skills.