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Managing Volcanic Unrest: the Mobile Volcano Fast Response System

Matthias Hort, Klemen Zakšek Institute of Geophysics University of Hamburg. Managing Volcanic Unrest: the Mobile Volcano Fast Response System. Motivation. The majority of the active and dangerous volcanoes are located around the pacific ring of fire .

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Managing Volcanic Unrest: the Mobile Volcano Fast Response System

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  1. Matthias Hort, Klemen Zakšek Institute of Geophysics University of Hamburg Managing Volcanic Unrest: the Mobile Volcano Fast Response System

  2. Motivation • The majority of the active and dangerous volcanoes arelocated around the pacific ring of fire. • Half of them are located in third world countries. • We therefore develop a mobile VFRS(volcano fastresponse system) to support those countries in case of avolcanic crisis. USGS, 1991

  3. Institutions contributing to the VFRS IFM-GEOMAR Uni. Hamburg Uni. Potsdam GFZ BGR Hanover Jena-Optronik GmbH TU Darmstadt LMU Munich TU Munich DLR Oberpfaffenhofen

  4. Requirements for the VFRS • Can be installed fast due to intelligent, cable-free communication between the different stations and a data center. • A larger number of different stations can be deployed quickly. • All data are collected in a central database including data from an existing network. • Open system that can deal with various types of data including novelmonitoring techniques. • Data are visualized and partially analyzed in real time. • Objective and reliable data evaluation are carried out including recommendations for crisis management.

  5. Exupery VFRS project strategy terrestrial observations incl. WLAN communication satellite based observations database, visualization, alert levels, early warnings overall project coordination quantitive physical models

  6. Satellite based observations in Exupéry Volcanic SO2 plumes Ground deformation Thermal anomalies

  7. Monitoring volcanic SO2 plumes Detection of volcanic sulfur dioxide from the GOME-2 instrument using DOAS (Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy) GOME-2 observation of theSO2plume a day after the Eruption of Etna in Italy(11.05.2008). DLR http://wdc.dlr.de/data_products/SERVICES/GOME2NRT/so2.php

  8. Monitoring volcanic SO2 plumes –backward trajectories Backward trajectories starting on 11.05.2008. Subset related to Etna and GOME- 2 SO2 data. Estimated injection height of theEtna eruption. DLR

  9. InSAR ground deformation monitoring – goals • Develop new SAR interferometry methods optimized for volcanoes • Investigate potential of different satellites (TerraSAR-X, ENVISAT/ASAR, ALOS/PALSAR) with different frequency bands and spatial resolution • Fusion of multi-geometry / multi-satellite observations • Different view geometries for 3D motion vector derivation and for shadowing/layover • Increased observation frequency to capture sudden events Goals DLR, TU Munich

  10. InSAR ground deformation monitoring – first results • Example for Stromboli (from February till July 2008) • Persistent scatterer interferometry techniques with 10 acquisitions allows detection of the potential motion areas with TerraSAR-X. • Maximum estimated displacement equals +-30mm/year DLR, TU Munich

  11. www.mvo.ms New material Montserrat change detection (radar amplitude) DLR, TU Munich

  12. Monitoring thermal anomalies – strategy • Characterise clusters and not single pixels. • The most reliable parameteris radiant flux. • AVHRR 10 images per day • MODIS 4 images per day • Kalman filter fuse data tominimisethe noise and improve temporal resolution Uni. Hamburg

  13. Monitoring thermal anomalies –first results Radiant flux [MW] Time series for Etna eruption (October, November 2003) Uni. Hamburg

  14. Other parts of Exupéry Terrestrial observations incl. WLAN communication Database, visualization, alert levels, early warnings Quantitive physical models Prototype installation

  15. Terrestrial observations Aside from classic seismic observation systems, we attempt to incorporate two novel terrestrial observational techniques: TU Darmstadt IFM GEOMAR Gas flux monitoring using Mini-DOAS Ground deformation monitoring using a combination of terrestrial SARand GPS

  16. Wlan communication SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER FUSE ANDBATTERYBREAKER 15 V POWER SUPPLY / PoE Uni. Hamburg

  17. Data analysis &quantitative physical models GFZ, Uni. Potsdam, Uni. Hamburg

  18. Database, visualization,alert levels, early warnings LMU Munich,BGR Hanover,Jena-Optronik Terrestrialobservations Quantitive physical model GeoTIFF MiniSEED ASCII GIS Otherformats Satteliteobservations Automatic alert level estimation using Bayesian Belief Networks

  19. VFRS prototype installation

  20. Matthias Hort matthias.hort@zmaw.de Tel: +49 40 42838 3969 Klemen Zakšek klemen.zaksek@zmaw.de Tel: +49 40 42838 4921 Institute of Geophysics University of Hamburg Bundesstrasse 55 D-20146 Hamburg Germany Fax: +49 40 42838 5441 http://geophysics.zmaw.de www.exupery-vfrs.de

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