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6. Initiating Devices Detector Types: 1) Heat Detector: Searches for Thermal Signatures 2) Smoke Detector: Searches for Smoke Signatures Including Particle Sampling 3) Ultra Violet and/or Flame Detectors: Searches for Radiant Energy Signatures

7. Detector Coverage • Total coverage: Includes placement of detectors in all accessible spaces of a protected building, with some exceptions. The premise is that if a space is accessible, it may be used to store combustible materials. Spaces that are inaccessible, such as boxed-in spaces in stud walls, would originate in this type of space.

8. Partial Coverage • Partial Coverage: Features placement of detectors in common areas and workspaces, including corridors, lobbies, storage rooms, equipment rooms, and other tenantless spaces. In buildings that have partial coverage, if a fire originates in a compartment that does not have detectors, it will likely grow undetected until it becomes large, leading to a critical delay in response.

9. Selective Coverage • Selective Coverage: Features detectors placed in locations required by codes, standards, laws, and requirements of the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ). With selective coverage, detectors must be installed throughout the compartments that are required to have coverage, in quantities required by the codes.

10. Supplementary Coverage • Supplementary coverage: Features detectors [;aced in locations that are not required by codes, standards, laws, and the requirements of the AHJ. With supplementary coverage, a detector can be installed in one portion of the compartment, such as to provide intensive detection for a valuable asset in the space where it is actually located.

11. Spacing and Placement • The ceiling jet: Is the path of smoke distribution across the ceiling surface. (Fire detector equipment 7-4) • Blind spot: Is a void in the path of smoke distribution across the ceiling surface. • Detector placement: 4” min 12” max for any corner or ceiling to eliminate the blind spot.

12. Number of detectors • Number of detectors per row = • (room length) /listed space) • = (324 ft) / 50 ft = 6.48 • = 7 detectors (round up to nearest whole number)

13. Spacing of detectors • Detector spacing along length= • (Room length) / (number of detectors per row) • = (324 ft) / ( 7 detectors) • = 46.2 ft

14. Distance from a detector to wall • Spacing to wall(along length) = (46.2)/ (2) • =23.1 ft Number of detectors along the 178-ft width of room =(178) ft/ (50) ft =3.56 = 4 detectors (round up to nearest whole number)

16. Number of detectors • Number of detectors per row = • (room length) /listed space) • = (324 ft) / 30 ft = 10.8 • = 11 detectors (round up to nearest whole number)

17. Spacing of detectors • Detector spacing along length= • (Room length) / (number of detectors per row) • = (324 ft) / ( 11 detectors) • = 29.45 ft

18. Distance from a detector to wall • Spacing to wall(along length) = (29.45)/ (2) • =14.72 ft Number of detectors along the 178-ft width of room =(178) ft/ (30) ft =5.93 = 6 detectors (round up to nearest whole number)

19. Wire and Conductors

20. Types of Circuits • Circuits can be classified as open or closed An open circuit is one in which current flows only when a signal is being sent A closed circuit system is one in which current flows continuously, except when the circuit is opened to allow a signal to be sent.

21. Basic Alarm Principles • Fire alarm panel open circuit Burglar alarm panel closed circuit Fire alarm panel closed circuit = activation Burglar alarm panel closed circuit = activation

22. Devices and Conductors • Device/ Appliance: • A Item suitable for connection to a circuit having a sensor or being capable to respond to a physical stimulus. Conduction: The transfer of energy through matter from particle to particle Conductor: Article that allows conduction

23. Smoke Detectors: • 2-Wire: 2 Conductor (Min 18 ga) • 4-Wire : 4 Conductor (Min 18 ga)

24. Motion Detectors: • Wireless: 0 Conductors • Standard: 4 Conductors • Black Power Neg • Red: Power Positive • Green: N/C Circuit • Yellow/White: N/C Circuit • 22 Gage Wire Minimum • 22/4

25. Contacts • Standard: 2 Conductor (Min 22 gauge) Types: Plunger Magnetic Float Switch

26. Photoelectric Beam • 22 Gauge Wire • Black: Negitive • Red: Positive • Green: N/C Contact • Yellow/ White : N/C Contact

27. Siren/s • Burglar : 18 Gauge • Red: Positive • Black: Negative • Fire: 16 Gauge

28. Glass Breaks • Wireless: 0 Conductors • Standard: 4 Conductors • Black Power Neg • Red: Power Positive • Green: N/C Circuit • Yellow/White: N/C Circuit • 22 Gage Wire Minimum • 22/4

29. Key Pad • 22 Gauge Wire • Black: Negative • Red: Positive • Green: Data • Yellow/ White : Data

30. Transformers • Burglar : 18 Gauge • Red: Positive • Black: Negative

31. Proximity Detector • Standard: 6 Conductors • 18 Gage Wire Minimum • 18/6

32. Door Strike • Standard: 2 Conductors • 18 Gage Wire Minimum • 18/2

33. Horn & Strobe • Standard: 2-4 Conductors • 16 Gage Wire Minimum • 16/2 • 16/4

34. Types Of Wire • Conductor Insulation Thermoplastic is a popular and effective insulation material used in conductors for security systems. The following thermoplastics are widely used as insulation materials: • Polvinyl Chloride: The base material used for the manufacture of TW and THW insulation. • Polyethylene: An excellent weatherproofing material used primarily for insulation of control and communication wiring.

35. Cross-linked Polyethylene: AN improved PE with superior heat- and moisture-resistant qualities. Used for THHN, THWN, and XHHW wire • Nylon: Primarily used as jacketing material. THHN building wire has an outer coating of nylon. • Teflon: A high-temperature insulation. Widely used for telephone and security-system wiring in a plenum.