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Energy

Energy. What is Energy?. Energy. The ability to do work. Work = force x distance Energy is measured in units called JOULES which can be abbreviated to J . Two Types of Energy: Kinetic and Potential. Kinetic Energy: The energy of an object that is due to the objects motion.

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Energy

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  1. Energy What is Energy?

  2. Energy • The ability to do work. • Work = force x distance • Energy is measured in units called JOULES which can be abbreviated to J.

  3. Two Types of Energy: Kinetic and Potential • Kinetic Energy: The energy of an object that is due to the objects motion. • Kinetic energy = mv2/2 • m = mass v2 = velocity squared

  4. Kinetic Energy Problems • What is the kinetic energy of a car that has a mass of 2,400 kg and is moving at 20 m/s? • REMEMBER: mv2/2 • m = 2,400 and v = 20 m/s SO….

  5. 2, 400 x 20 x 20/2 • You have to multiply by 20 twice due to velocity being squared!!! • Answer: 4,800,000 Joules (J)

  6. Problem #2 • What is the kinetic energy of a 4,000 kg elephant that is running at 2 m/s? • 4,000 x 2 x 2/2 • Answer: 8,000 J

  7. Problem #3 • What is the kinetic energy of a 2,000 kg bus that is moving at 30 m/s? • 2,000 x 30 x 30/2 • Answer: 900,000 J

  8. Final Kinetic Energy Problem • What is the kinetic energy of a 3,000 bus that is moving at 20 m/s? • 3,000 x 20 x 20/2 • Answer: 600,000 J

  9. Potential Energy and Gravitational Potential Energy • Potential Energy: energy that an object has because of the position, shape, or condition of the object…STORED energy. • If the object has height the potential energy is known as GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY.

  10. Gravitational Potential Energy • GPE = weight x height • What is the gravitational potential energy of a cat that weighs 40N standing on a table that is 0.8 m above the ground? • 40 N x 0.8 m = 32 J

  11. GPE Problem #2 • What is the gravitational potential energy of a diver who weighs 500N standing on a platform that is 10 m off the ground? • 500 N x 10 m • 5000 J

  12. GPE Problem #3 • What is the gravitational potential energy of a diver who weighs 600 N standing on a platform that is 8 m off the ground? • 600 N x 8 m • 4800 J

  13. Mechanical Energy • Mechanical Energy: the total energy of motion and position of an object • mechanical energy = potential energy = kinetic energy • Remember that mechanical energy stays the same unless some of it is transferred to another object.

  14. Five Forms of Energy • Thermal • Chemical • Electromagnetic (electrical and light) • Sound • Nuclear

  15. Thermal (Heat) Energy • Produced by random motion of particles that make up the object • Examples: fire, friction, light bulb that has been on, sun, stove coils

  16. Chemical Energy • Chemical Energy: energy of a compound that changes as its atoms are rearranged….a substance changes into a brand new substance. • Examples: digested food, burning paper, rusting nail

  17. Electromagnetic Energy • Electromagnetic energy: electrical and light energy combined….energy of moving charged particles. • Examples: microwave, amps, sun, light bulbs, hair dryer, video games

  18. Sound Energy • Sound Energy: energy that vibrating objects transmits through the air • Examples: vocal chords, guitar strings, musical instruments

  19. Nuclear Energy • Nuclear Energy: comes from changes in the nucleus of an atom; most intense form of energy; dangerous to humans • Examples: sun, nuclear power plants, nuclear warfare

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