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Viktor Lowenfeld & Mary Ann Stankiewicz. Jessica Gaston. Viktor Lowenfeld. Biographical information Born in Linz, Austria in 1903, died at age 57 in 1960 Graduated from Kunstgewerbeschule in 1925, Vienna Academy of Fine Art in 1926, and Vienna University in 1928. Viktor Lowenfeld.
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Viktor Lowenfeld &Mary Ann Stankiewicz Jessica Gaston
Viktor Lowenfeld • Biographical information • Born in Linz, Austria in 1903, died at age 57 in 1960 • Graduated from Kunstgewerbeschule in 1925, Vienna Academy of Fine Art in 1926, and Vienna University in 1928
Viktor Lowenfeld • 1926-1938: Taught at HoheWarte Institution for the Blind • Left Austria in 1938 because of German invasion. Moved to United States. • Started art department at Hampton Institute • Started art education department at Penn State
Viktor Lowenfeld • 1947 – Published Creative and Mental Growth • “Free expression as necessary to the healthy growth and development of the child.” (Efland, 235) • Provided “psychologically compatible art activities” (Efland, 235).
Viktor Lowenfeld • 1947 – Published Creative and Mental Growth • Described stages of growth in understandable terms: • Scribble Stage (2-4 years) • Preschematic(4-6 years) • Schematic (7-9 years) • Dawning Realism/Gang Age (9-11 years) • PsuedorealisticStage (11-13 years)
Mary Ann Stankiewicz Still actively working in arts education research. Currently writing a book on the history of the Massachusetts College of Art. Recognized for scholarship in art education history
Mary Ann Stankiewicz • Positions held: • Professor of Art Education at Penn State • President of NAEA • Coordinator for art education programs at University of Maine and California State • Assistant Vice President of academic affairs for Ringling School of Art and Design • Program officer with the Getty Center for Education in the Arts
Mary Ann Stankiewicz • Prolific writer • Written in several art education journals as well as publishing books • Maryannstankiewicz.com/wordpress
Mary Ann Stankiewicz Roots of Art Education Practice published in 2001 Book sections: The Early Years of Art History in the United States; Histories of Art and Design Education: Cole to Coldstream; Art in a Democracy; Women, Art, and Education; In Their Own Words: The Development of Doctoral Study in Art Education; Contemporary Issues in Art Education; and Women Art Educators V.
References Alter-Muri, S.B. (2002). Viktor Lowenfeld revisited: a review of Lowenfeld’spreschematic, schematic, gang age stages. American Journal of Art Therapy, 40(3), 170-192. Efland, A.D. (1990). A History of art education: Intellectual and social currents in teaching the visual arts. New York: Teachers College Press. Lowenfeld, V. (1947). Creative and mental growth (3rd ed.). New York: Macmillan. Lowenfeld, V. (1987). Therapeutic aspects of art education. American Journal of Art Therapy, 25, 111-146. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.arteducators.org/ (n.d.). Retrieved from http://maryannstankiewicz.com/wordpress/