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Overview of Today’s Special Education

Overview of Today’s Special Education. Chapter 1. Who is Thomas Ellenson?. What is the key???? What advantages do you see that Thomas has over other children with disabilities? What are the obstacles that Thomas faces in life? What can you do???. “For whom the bells tolls;”.

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Overview of Today’s Special Education

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  1. Overview of Today’s Special Education Chapter 1

  2. Who is Thomas Ellenson? • What is the key???? • What advantages do you see that Thomas has over other children with disabilities? • What are the obstacles that Thomas faces in life? • What can you do???

  3. “For whom the bells tolls;” • How does disability affect most of us as we age? • Who else does it affect and how? • What are value-guided practices and state- of-the-art practices? • Look at Figure 1: Which one stands out to you and how can you address this value in your life?

  4. Who Are the Students? • Number of students served • Gender of students • Provisions of gifted education • Disability categories • Labels and language

  5. Who Are Special Education Personnel? • Approximately 401,705 special education teachers were employed in 2003-3004 • At least 1 special education vacancy was present in 97% of school districts in the U.S. • 85% of the workforce are female • 86% are white • Average age is 43 • 59% have a masters degree • Average teaching experience is 14 yrs. • 577,476 are non-certified in 2001-02 • Paraprofessionals account for 87% of these positions

  6. Overview of Special Education • During the early and middle decades of the 20th century: • Completely excluded students with disabilities in public education • Schools often classified students as having disabilities when they did not have disabilities

  7. Judicial Decisions • 1954 Brown vs. Board of Ed. • 1972 PARC • 1975 Education of All Handicapped Students Act (Pl 94-142) • 2004 reauthorized IDEA

  8. IDEA: Six Principles • Zero reject • Nondiscriminatory evaluation • Appropriate education • Least restrictive environment • Procedural due process • Parental and student participation

  9. No Child Left Behind Act - See pg. 21 • Accountability for results • School safety • Parental choice • Teacher quality • Scientifically based methods of teaching • Local flexibility

  10. Entitlements and Other Services • Rehabilitation Act (16 yrs of age) • Vocational rehabilitation • Job training • Supported employment • Tech Act • Assistive technology

  11. 504 • Anti-discrimination statute • Violations investigated by OCR • Funding pulled for non-compliance • Definition of impairment very global • May qualify under Sec. 504 but not qualify for special education

  12. ADA • Expanded 504 into private sector • Public facilities must be accessible • TDD services • Criticized due to expansiveness • Specifies “reasonable accommodations” • Major Provisions • Employment • Transportation • Public accommodations • Government • Telecommunications

  13. Eligibility for Special Education • Individual must have 1 of the 12 disability conditions identified in federal law (MR, SLD, BD, speech or language impairment, vision loss, hearing loss, orthopedic impairments, other health impaired, deafness-blindness, multiple disabilities, autism, and TBI • Student’s demonstrate a need for specialized instruction and related services in order to receive appropriate education

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