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Taxonomy!

Taxonomy! . the science of classifying or grouping organisms; based on their presumed natural relationship. classification, in biology, the systematic categorization of organisms into a coherent scheme Now we have some class~! . Why do we classify ?.

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Taxonomy!

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  1. Taxonomy! the science of classifying or grouping organisms; based on their presumed natural relationship

  2. classification, in biology, the systematic categorization of organisms into a coherent scheme • Now we have some class~!

  3. Why do we classify?

  4. What characteristics would YOU use to classify different types of life?

  5. How does it relate to evolution? • The basis for modern Taxonomy centers around evolutionary relationships

  6. Both of these guys: Good at what they do… but a little odd!

  7. CarolusLinneus developed the concept of binomial nomenclature • Two word naming system • For instance: Red Oak Quercusrubra

  8. Archeabacteria & Eubacteria

  9. Our system of naming……. • DOMAIN • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  10. So let’s classify humans? • Domain: Eucaryota • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum: Chordata • Class: Mammalia • Order: Primates • Family: Hominidae • Genus: Homo • Species: sapiens

  11. Who is this? This one is pretty ruff whoops!, I mean rough! • Domain: Eucaryota • Kingdom Animalia • Phylum Chordata • Class Mammalia • Order Carnivora • Family Canidae • Genus Canis • Species familaris

  12. Bacteria: 2 domains • Mostly unicellular • do not have a nuclear membrane, mitochondria, lysosomes, or Golgi bodies. • Have cell walls but chemically different from cell walls of plants.

  13. Cell Type: Prokaryotic, Cell Structure: Cell wall,peptidoglycan Body Type:unicellular Nutrition:Autotrophic and heterotrophic Reproduction: Asexual=Binary Fission Lifestyle: Found in or on humans Prokaryotic, unicellular Cell wall, no peptidoglycan Unicellular Autotrophic and heterotrophic Reproduction: Asexual=Binary Fission Live in hostile environments (swamps) Eubacteria Archaebacteria

  14. Protista (Protists) Examples: paramecium reticulopodia • Cell Type:Eukaryote • Cell Structure: contains organelles • Body Type: Unicellular &Multicellular • Nutrition:Heterotrophic & Autotrophic • Reproduction: Sexual, asexual or parasitic • Lifestyle: Varied

  15. Paramecium: • 40X 100X • 400X

  16. Amoeba: • 40X • 100X

  17. Euglena • 40X 100X 400X

  18. Green Algae

  19. Fungi lichens • Eukaryote • contain most organelles;cell wall=chitin(diff.than plants) • Unicellular or multicellular • must absorb food=Heterotrophic • not motile mushrooms

  20. Plantae • Eukaryote • contain most organelles;cell walls contain cellulose • multicellular • Autotrophic • Sexual or asexual • cells form tissues and organs

  21. Types of Plants: • 1. Nonvascular: do not have a system for transporting water and nutrients. • Example: mosses • 2. Seedless vascular: have large sporophytes so dispersal is easier=do not need seeds. • Example: ferns • 3. Nonflowering seed plants (Gymnosperms): seeds are dispersed through the air • Example: conifers • 4. Flowering seed plants(Angiosperms): produce flowers with pollen and fruits. • Example: roses, iris, grass

  22. What is left??!! Hmm… I just don’t know!!!

  23. Animalia • Eukaryote • Contain all organelles; no cell walls • Multicellular; symmetry? • Heterotrophic;ingestion • Sexual or asexuall(sponge) • cells organized into tissues and organs; ex. nervous system

  24. Compare, Organize & Classify

  25. A taxonomic key is a tool used to identify and classify organisms. A dichotomous key is an example of a key that consists of a series of paired statements, each describing a certain characteristic. Each set of choices produces smaller groupings of organisms until each one is given a name.

  26. http://www.ekcsk12.org/science/lelab/dichotomouskeys.html Sample dichotomous key

  27. http://treelink.org/whattree/index.htm Key for trees

  28. http://plants.usda.gov/cgi_bin/topics.cgi?earl=classification.htmlhttp://plants.usda.gov/cgi_bin/topics.cgi?earl=classification.html Plant & Fungi classification

  29. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/

  30. Bacteria • Bacteria are often maligned as the causes of human and animal disease. However: • produce antibiotics • others live symbiotically in the guts of animals (including humans) or elsewhere in their bodies, or on the roots of certain plants • Bacteria put the tang in yogurt and the sour in sourdough bread; bacteria help to break down dead organic matter; bacteria make up the base of the food web in many environments..

  31. Bacteria are of such immense importance because of their extreme flexibility, capacity for rapid growth and reproduction, and great age - the oldest fossils known, nearly 3.5 billion years old, are fossils of bacteria-like organisms

  32. Cladograms:

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