140 likes | 144 Views
Learn about the various components used in building electrical circuits, including resistors, capacitors, transistors, diodes, LEDs, and more. Understand their functions, symbols, and measurements.
E N D
Building Electrical Circuits Components
Components • Resistors • Inhibits (resists) the flow of electricity • Like debris in a drain slows the flow of water • Measured in Ohms • Symbol
Components Non-polarized • Capacitors • Allow Alternating Current (AC) to flow • Block Direct Current (DC) • Store electricity temporarily • Measured in microfarads (μF) • Symbols Polarized
Components • Transistors • Uses • amplify weak signals • oscillator • allow signals to flow in pulses • switch • to connect or disconnect other components
PNP NPN Components • Transistors have 3 connections • C – Collector • B – Base • E – Emitter • Symbols C C B B E E
Components • Diodes • Allow electricity to flow in only ONE direction • Acts like a valve in a water pipe • Symbol
Components • LED’s – Light Emitting Diodes • Allow electricity to flow in only ONE direction • Give off light • Used as indicators • Symbol
Components • Control • A variable (changing) resistor • Used as a dimmer, volume control, etc. • Symbol
Components • Semiconductor (Cadmium Sulfide Cell- CdS) • Conducts electricity AND partially resists it at the same time • Special device used as an automatic control. • Symbol λ
Components Wait... NO! NO! NO! • Transformer • A device used to increase or decrease electricity’s voltage and current to “match” other circuits so they function efficiently • Symbol That's better!
Components • Speaker • converts electrical energy into acoustical (sound) energy • Earphones • Also converts electrical energy into acoustical energy • Best to hear very weak sounds • Symbols
Components • Battery • A "cell" • A device in which the reaction between two chemical substances can convert chemical energy into useful electricity • Symbol
A B Components “Key” switch • Switch • Used to connect or disconnect electrical components • When “thrown” it completes the circuit allowing electricity to flow. • Symbols “toggle” switch